TY - INPR
A1 - Rosowski, Udo
T1 - Übersicht über die Arbeitsverhältnisse im österreichischen Kohlebergbau nach dem Berggesetz von 23. Mai 1854
N2 - Eine zusammenfassende Darstellung der sozialen Lage der Bergleute im österreichischen Bergbau existiert bisher noch nicht. Mit dieser Arbeit sollen einige Aspekte des Arbeitsverhältnisses der österreichischen Bergleute nach Inkrafttreten des Allgemeinen Berggesetzes beleuchtet werden.
KW - Arbeitsverhältnisse
KW - Bergbau
KW - 19. Jahrhundert
Y1 - 2021
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-9049
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TY - INPR
A1 - Lucke, Robin Jan
T1 - How Securitization Theory Can Benefit from Psychology Findings
N2 - Securitization Theory has been applied and advanced continuously since the publication of the seminal work “Security – A New Framework for Analysis” by Buzan et al. in 1998. Various extensions, clarifications and definitions have been added over the years. Ontological and epistemological debates as well as debates about the normativity of the concept have taken place, furthering the approach incrementally and adapting it to new empirical cases. This paper aims at contributing to the improvement of the still useful framework in a more general way by amending it with well-established findings from another discipline: Psychology. The exploratory article will point out what elements of Securitization Theory might benefit most from incorporating insights from Psychology and in which ways they might change our understanding of the phenomenon. Some well-studied phenomena in the field of (Social) Psychology, it is argued here, play an important role for the construction and perception of security threats and the acceptance of the audience to grant the executive branch extraordinary measures to counter these threats: availability heuristic, loss-aversion and social identity theory are central psychological concepts that can help us to better understand how securitization works, and in which situations securitizing moves have great or little chances to reverberate. The empirical cases of the 9/11 and Paris terror attacks will serve to illustrate the potential of this approach, allowing for variances in key factors, among them: (point in) time, system of government and ideological orientation. As a hypotheses-generating pilot study, the paper will conclude by discussing further research possibilities in the field of Securitization.
KW - Securitization
KW - Psychology
KW - Copenhagen School
KW - Security Studies
KW - Securitization
Y1 - 2019
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-6216
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TY - INPR
A1 - Yakouchyk, Katsiaryna
T1 - Belarusian State Ideology: A Strategy of Flexible Adaptation
N2 - While in some Eastern European countries a wave of colored revolutions challenged existing political orders, Belarus has remained largely untouched by mass protests. In Minsk, the diffusion of democratic ideas leading to the mobilization of population meets a stable authoritarian regime. Nevertheless, the stagnating democratization process cannot be only attributed to the strong authoritarian rule and abuse of power. Indeed, Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko still enjoys popularity by a large part of the population. Although international observers report that elections in Belarus have never been free and fair, few commentators doubt that Lukashenko would not have won in democratic elections. This evidence suggests that the regime succeeded in building a strong legitimizing basis, which has not been seriously challenged during the last two decades. This paper explores the authoritarian stability in Belarus by looking at the patterns of state ideology. The government effectively spreads state ideology since the early 2000s. Ideology departments have been created in almost all state institutions. The education sector has been affected by the introduction of the compulsory course "The Fundamentals of Belarusian State Ideology" at all universities, and increasing attention to the patriotic education at schools. Based on document analysis, I trace the creation of "ideological vertical" in Belarus and focuse on the issue of ideology in education and youth policy sectors.
Y1 - 2019
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-6028
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TY - INPR
A1 - Ratusny, Armin
T1 - Flussterrassen und Hochwasser in Passau und die 'Hohe Kunst' regionaler Geomorphologie und Landschaftsgeschichte, eine Suche nach der Wahrheit oder: Noch eine (gedruckte) Katastrophe im Katastrophenjahr 2013
N2 - Der Beitrag rezensiert den Aufsatz von Dieter Anhuf: Der Naturraum Passaus – Geprägt durch (Hoch-)Wasser und Eis. In: W. Gamerith, D. Anhuf, E. Struck (Hrsg.): Passau und seine Nachbarregionen. Orte, Ereignisse, Verbindungen – ein geographischer Wegweiser. Regensburg 2013, S. 13-24.
KW - Passau
KW - Naturraum
KW - Landschaftsgeschichte
KW - Hochwasser
Y1 - 2018
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-5321
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TY - INPR
A1 - Zwicklbauer, Stefan
A1 - Seifert, Christin
A1 - Granitzer, Michael
T1 - DoSeR - A Knowledge-Base-Agnostic Framework for Entity Disambiguation Using Semantic Embeddings
N2 - Entity disambiguation is the task of mapping ambiguous terms in natural-language text to its entities in a knowledge base. It finds its application in the extraction of structured data in RDF (Resource Description Framework) from textual documents, but equally so in facilitating artificial intelligence applications, such as Semantic Search, Reasoning and Question & Answering. In this work, we propose DoSeR (Disambiguation of Semantic Resources), a (named) entity disambiguation framework that is knowledge-base-agnostic in terms of RDF (e.g. DBpedia) and entity-annotated document knowledge bases (e.g. Wikipedia). Initially, our framework automatically generates semantic entity embeddings given one or multiple knowledge bases. In the following, DoSeR accepts documents with a given set of surface forms as input and collectively links them to an entity in a knowledge base with a graph-based approach. We evaluate DoSeR on seven different data sets against publicly available, state-of-the-art (named) entity disambiguation frameworks. Our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches that make use of RDF knowledge bases and/or entity-annotated document knowledge bases by up to 10% F1 measure.
KW - Linked Data
KW - Entity Disambiguation
KW - Neural Networks
KW - Semantic Web
Y1 - 2016
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-3670
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TY - INPR
A1 - Kreitmeier, Wolfgang
T1 - Asymptotic optimality of scalar Gersho quantizers
N2 - In his famous paper Gersho stressed that the codecells of optimal quantizers asymptotically make an equal contribution to the distortion of the quantizer. Motivated by this fact, we investigate in this paper quantizers in the scalar case, where each codecell contributes with exactly the same portion to the quantization error. We show that such quantizers of Gersho type - or Gersho quantizers for short - exist for non-atomic scalar distributions. As a main result we prove that Gersho quantizers are asymptotically optimal.
KW - Maßtheorie
KW - Informationstheorie
KW - Signaltheorie
KW - Approximation
KW - Kodierung
KW - Quantisierung
KW - Asymptotically optimal quantization
KW - Quantization error
KW - Scalar quantization
KW - Gersho quantizer
KW - High rate quantization
Y1 - 2012
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus-27080
N1 - This is a preprint of an article accepted for publication in Constructive Approximation, ISSN: 0176-4276 (print version) ISSN: 1432-0940 (electronic version) Copyright (c) by Springer. The final publication is available at link.springer.com URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00365-013-9214-2
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TY - INPR
A1 - Kreitmeier, Wolfgang
A1 - Linder, Tamas
T1 - Entropy Density and Mismatch in High-Rate Scalar Quantization with Rényi Entropy Constraint
N2 - Properties of scalar quantization with $r$th power distortion and constrained R\'enyi entropy of order $\alpha\in (0,1)$ are investigated. For an asymptotically (high-rate) optimal sequence of quantizers, the contribution to the R\'enyi entropy due to source values in a fixed interval is identified in terms of the "entropy density" of the quantizer sequence. This extends results related to the well-known point density concept in optimal fixed-rate quantization. A dual of the entropy density result quantifies the distortion contribution of a given interval to the overall distortion. The distortion loss resulting from a mismatch of source densities in the design of an asymptotically optimal sequence of quantizers is also determined. This extends Bucklew's fixed-rate ($\alpha=0$) and Gray \emph{et al.}'s variable-rate ($\alpha=1$)mismatch results to general values of the entropy order parameter $\alpha$
KW - Maßtheorie
KW - Quantisierung
KW - Entropie
KW - Asymptotic quantization theory
KW - distortion density
KW - entropy density
KW - quantizer mismatch
KW - Rényi-entropy
Y1 - 2011
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus-26132
N1 - This is a preprint of an article accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory Journal, ISSN: 0018-9448. The original publication is available at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=18
ER -
TY - INPR
A1 - Kreitmeier, Wolfgang
A1 - Linder, Tamas
T1 - High-Resolution Scalar Quantization with Rényi Entropy Constraint
N2 - We consider optimal scalar quantization with $r$th power distortion and constrained R\'enyi entropy of order $\alpha$. For sources with absolutely continuous distributions the high rate asymptotics of the quantizer distortion has long been known for $\alpha=0$ (fixed-rate quantization) and $\alpha=1$ (entropy-constrained quantization). These results have recently been extended to quantization with R\'enyi entropy constraint of order $\alpha \ge r+1$. Here we consider the more challenging case $\alpha\in [-\infty,0)\cup (0,1)$ and for a large class of absolutely continuous source distributions we determine the sharp asymptotics of the optimal quantization distortion. The achievability proof is based on finding (asymptotically) optimal quantizers via the companding approach, and is thus constructive.
KW - Maßtheorie
KW - Quantisierung
KW - Entropie
KW - Companding
KW - high-resolution asymptotics
KW - optimal quantization
KW - Rényi entropy
Y1 - 2011
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus-23787
N1 - This is a preprint of an article accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory Journal, ISSN: 0018-9448. The original publication is available at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=18
ER -
TY - INPR
A1 - Kreitmeier, Wolfgang
T1 - Optimal vector quantization in terms of Wasserstein distance
N2 - The optimal quantizer in memory-size constrained vector quantization induces a quantization error which is equal to a Wasserstein distortion. However, for the optimal (Shannon-)entropy constrained quantization error a proof for a similar identity is still missing. Relying on principal results of the optimal mass transportation theory, we will prove that the optimal quantization error is equal to a Wasserstein distance. Since we will state the quantization problem in a very general setting, our approach includes the R\'enyi-$\alpha$-entropy as a complexity constraint, which includes the special case of (Shannon-)entropy constrained $(\alpha = 1)$ and memory-size constrained $(\alpha = 0)$ quantization. Additionally, we will derive for certain distance functions codecell convexity for quantizers with a finite codebook. Using other methods, this regularity in codecell geometry has already been proved earlier by Gy\"{o}rgy and Linder.
KW - Maßtheorie
KW - Transporttheorie
KW - Quantisierung
KW - Entropie
KW - Wasserstein distance
KW - optimal quantization error
KW - codecell convexity
KW - R\'enyi-$\alpha$-entropy
Y1 - 2011
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus-22502
N1 - This is a preprint of an article accepted for publication in the Journal of Multivariate Analysis ISSN 0047-259X. The original publication is available at http://www.elsevier.com/. The digital object identifier (DOI) of the definitive article is 10.1016/j.jmva.2011.04.005.
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TY - INPR
A1 - Kreitmeier, Wolfgang
T1 - Hausdorff measure of uniform self-similar fractals
N2 - Let d ≥ 1 be an integer and E a self-similar fractal set, which is the attractor of a uniform contracting iterated function system (UIFS) on Rd. Denote by D the Hausdorff dimension, by HD(E) the Hausdorff measure and by diam (E) the diameter of E. If the UIFS is parametrised by its contracting factor c, while the set ω of fixed points of the UIFS does not depend on c, we will show the existence of a positive constant depending only on ω, such that the Hausdorff dimension is smaller than one and HD = (E) D if c is smaller than this constant. We apply our result to modified versions of various classical fractals. Moreover we present a parametrised UIFS where ω depends on c and HD < diam(E)D, if c is small enough.
KW - Maßtheorie
KW - Iteriertes Funktionensystem
KW - Hausdorff-Dimension
KW - Hausdorff-Maß
KW - Self-similar set
KW - Hausdorff measure
Y1 - 2009
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus-17948
N1 - This is a preprint of an article accepted for publication in Analysis in Theory and Applications ISSN: 1672-4070 (print version) ISSN: 1573-8175 (electronic version) Copyright (c) by Springer. The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com
ER -