TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Seifert, Stefan A1 - Nenov, Rossen A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Evaluation of remotely-sensed DEMs and modification based on plausibility rules and initial sediment budgets of an artificially-created catchment T2 - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Y1 - 2012 SN - 1096-9837 VL - 37 IS - 7 SP - 708 EP - 725 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Naeth, M. Anne T1 - Initial Ecosystem Processes as Key Factors of Landscape Development - A Review T2 - Physical Geography Y1 - 2012 SN - 1930-0557 VL - 33 IS - 4 SP - 305 EP - 343 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Modelling aeolian sediment transport during initial soil development on an artificial catchment using WEPS and aerial images T2 - Soil & Tillage Research Y1 - 2011 SN - 0167-1987 VL - 117 SP - 148 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Herrmann, Ludger A1 - Stahr, Karl T1 - The effect of surface variability factors on wind-erosion susceptibility: A field study in SW Niger T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200800141 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 172 IS - 6 SP - 798 EP - 807 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ulrich, Rainer G. A1 - Schlegel, Matthias A1 - Mertens, Marc A1 - Groschup, Martin H. A1 - Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas A1 - Plenge-Bönig, Anita A1 - Jacob, Jens A1 - Pelz, Hans-Joachim A1 - Freise, Jona A1 - Wenk, Matthias A1 - Thiel, Jörg A1 - Triebenbacher, Cornelia A1 - Schmolz, Eric A1 - Kurth, Andreas A1 - Krüger, Frank A1 - Rühe, Ferdinand A1 - Kiffner, Christian A1 - Ansorge, Hermann A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Wegener, Wolfgang A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Bemmann, Margit A1 - Wolf, Ronny A1 - Otto, Lutz-Florian A1 - Oehme, Rainer A1 - Pfeffer, Martin A1 - Heckel, Gerald A1 - Schex, Susanne A1 - Essbauer, Sandra S. T1 - Netzwerk Nagetier-übertragene Pathogene: Monitoring von Hantavirus-Infektionen in Deutschland T2 - Wildhygiene, Wildtierkrankheiten, Parasiten, Epidemiologie Y1 - 2009 SN - 978-378-88131-2-3 SN - 1436-3895 SP - 229 EP - 250 PB - Ges. für Wildtier- und Jagdforschung CY - Halle/Saale ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hohberg, Karin A1 - Russell, David J. A1 - Elmer, Michael T1 - Mass occurrence of algal-feeding tardigrade Apodibius confusus Dastych 1983 in the young soils of a post-mining site T2 - Journal of zoological systematics and evolutionary research Y1 - 2011 SN - 1439-0469 VL - 49 SP - 1 EP - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herrmann, Ludger A1 - Jahn, Reinhold A1 - Maurer, Thomas T1 - Mineral dust around Sahara - from source to sink. A review with emphasis on contributions of the German soil science community in the last twenty years T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2010 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 173 IS - 6 SP - 811 EP - 821 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Herrmann, Ludger A1 - Stahr, Karl T1 - Wind erosion charcteristics of Sahelian surface types T2 - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Y1 - 2010 SN - 1096-9837 VL - 35 IS - 12 SP - 1386 EP - 1401 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Russell, David J. A1 - Hohberg, Karin A1 - Elmer, Michael T1 - Primary colonisation of newly formed soils by actinedid mites T2 - Soil Organisms Y1 - 2010 SN - 1864-6417 VL - 82 IS - 2 SP - 237 EP - 251 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Suckow, F. A1 - Schröder, J. A1 - Bäucker, Ernst A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Frommhold, Heinz A1 - Lange, M. ED - Elmer, Michael ED - Kätzel, Ralf ED - Bens, Oliver ED - Bues, Claus-Thomas ED - Sonntag, Herbert ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Grundlagen und Forschungsfragen T2 - Nachhaltige Bewirtschaftung von Eichen-Kiefern-Mischbeständen : im Spannungsfeld von Klimawandel, Waldumbau und internationalem Holzmarkt Y1 - 2009 SN - 978-3-86581-196-7 SP - 17 EP - 29 PB - oekom Verlag CY - München ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra ED - Raab, Thomas ED - Hirsch, Florian ED - Raab, Alexandra ED - Schopper, Franz ED - Freytag, Klaus T1 - Standort 4 - Eisenhüttenwerk Peitz. Die frühindustrielle Köhlerei in der Jänschwalder Heide (Niederlausitz). Eine GIS-basierte Rekonstruktion des Wald- und Landschaftszustandes mithilfe historischer Karten ab dem 18. Jahrhundert T2 - Tagungsband und Exkursionsführer, Arbeitskreis Geoarchäologie- Jahrestagung 2013, 2.-4.5.2013, BTU Cottbus N2 - Die hier vorgestellte Forschungsarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Rekonstruktion der Landschafts- und Umweltgeschichte mithilfe Geographischer Informationssysteme (GIS) und historischer Karten. In einem Modell sollen die räumliche Dimension der Köhlerei, der damit verbundene Holzverbrauch, der Zustand der Wälder, die vorhandene Infrastruktur etc. errechnet und dargestellt werden. Zeitlicher Schwerpunkt ist die zweite Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts und die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts. Y1 - 2013 UR - https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-btu/files/4061/GeoRS+Vol.2pdf_a.pdf SP - 89 EP - 97 PB - BTU Cottbus CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra ED - Schopper, Franz T1 - Mit dem GIS zur Landschaftsgeschichte. Datengrundlage und Forschungsansatz zum Modell der frühindustriellen Holzkohleproduktion in der Jänschwalder Heide T2 - Ausgrabungen im Niederlausitzer Braunkohlenrevier 2009/2010 Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-910011-73-1 SP - 267 EP - 273 PB - Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum CY - Wünsdorf ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Scenario-Based Three-Dimensional Distributed Sediment Structures for a Constructed Hydrological Catchment T2 - Vadose zone journal N2 - Many processes in a developing catchment can only be fully understood if the spatial heterogeneity is adequately described. Process-based modeling allows reproducing specific key structural elements of catchments. Constructed catchments are ideal test objects because of the well-known spatial conditions. In our study, we (i) modeled the entire process chain of catchment construction, (ii) established a consistent sediment mass/ volume balance between the excavated outcrop and the generated catchment model, and (iii) provided consistent three-dimensional distributions of texture and bulk density for deriving soil hydraulic properties. Data are from the 6 ha Hühnerwasser catchment (Chicken Creek, Lower Lusatia, Germany), which was constructed from overburden sediments in an open-cast lignite mine. Uncertainty about the parent material origin was captured in a multiscenario approach based on a geological model of the outcrop site and the simulation of excavation procedures. Generated distributions are incorporated in a gridded threedimensional volume model (GOCAD), and results were evaluated by semivariogram analysis and by quantifying point-to-point deviations. Filling and compaction are modeled based on three-dimensional volume analysis and mass balances of dumped sediments. Heterogeneities reflect both the batch-wise sediment variation and the succession of excavated geological units. The scale of the generated spatial models can be adjusted for three-dimensional hydrological catchment modeling while three-dimensional sediment mass balances can be used for analyzing soil and ecosystem development processes. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.02.0047 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 12 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna T1 - A Three-Dimensional Structure and Process Model for Integrated Hydro-Geo-Pedologic Analysis of a Constructed Hydrological Catchment T2 - Vadose zone journal N2 - A structure model describes the boundary geometries and the three-dimensional solid phase distributions of the catchment. In contrast to an established ecosystem, feedback relations can be assumed for an initial geosystem between the development of spatial structures and the water and element fluxes. The objective was to develop a hydrological catchment model as a three-dimensional spatial database of the solid phase that allows an integrative analysis, a periodical mass balance, and the generation of distributed model parameters for the developing system. Data were from the constructed catchment “Chicken Creek.” The initial texture and bulk density distributions were generated by imitating sediment dumping, segregation, and compaction. Boundary geometries and changes in surface topography due to erosion and sedimentation processes were quantified on the basis of digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from aerial photographs. The catchment was visualized with the three-dimensional software GoCad; the “emergence” of the water table and other structures (e.g., soil horizons, root zone) could be spatially assigned and quantified to identify regions with specific processes. A combination of three-dimensional catchment with time-dependent two-dimensional surface models allowed generating the development of spatially distributed erosion–deposition patterns that formed new initial surfaces. The three-dimensional distributed solid phase structure of the catchment allowed for a more direct comparison with observations using minimal invasive methods. The mass balance of the solids could be related with pedologic development and transfer to other geopedologic systems achieved by adapting sediment transport and deposition in the descriptions of the model. This model may help improve the integrative analysis of hydrological catchments. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.02.0040 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 12 IS - 4 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Meyer, Torsten ED - Popplow, Marcus T1 - Forschung zur Landschaftsgeschichte T2 - Technik, Arbeit und Umwelt in der Geschichte : Günter Bayerl zum 60. Geburtstag Y1 - 2006 SN - 978-3-8309-1685-7 SP - 339 EP - 349 PB - Waxmann CY - Münster [u.a.] ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Nenov, Rossen T1 - Initial hydro-geomorphic development and rill network evolution in an artificial catchment T2 - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms N2 - The formation of erosion rills and gullies is a critical step in land surface development, but possibilities to study initial unaffected surface development under natural conditions and with well-defined initial and boundary conditions are rare. The objective of this study was to characterize rill network development from ’point zero’ in the artificially-created catchment ‘Hühnerwasser’. To ensure unaffected development, the study was largely restricted to the analysis of remotely-sensed data. We analyzed a series of photogrammetry-based digital elevation models (DEMs) for 10 points in time, over a period of five years and beginning with the initial state. The evolving erosion rill network was quantitatively described based on mapping from aerial photographs. DEMs and rill network maps were combined to specifically analyze the development of morphometry for different parts of the network and to characterize energy dissipation and connectivity. The restriction to remote-sensing data did not allow for analyzing specific processes governing rill network development, nevertheless, two major development phases could be characterized. We observed a phase of growth of the rill network along with variations in drainage patterns during the first two years of development and a subsequent phase of reduction of its area along with comparably stable patterns. Region-specific analysis of morphometry indicates that, besides effects of changing sediment characteristics and vegetation cover development, locally evolving hydro-geomorphic feedback cycles influenced this development. Results show an increasing similarity of overall statistical characteristics (e.g. drainage density) for two parts of the catchment, but a persistent influence of initial conditions on specific rill geometry. The observed development towards higher orderliness and increased connectivity is consistent with experiments and concepts on drainage network evolution across scales; however, we did not observe major influences of rill piracy and cross grading or a reduction of energy dissipation with network development. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3384 SN - 1096-9837 VL - 38 IS - 13 SP - 1496 EP - 1512 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ngo, Viet V. A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Badorreck, Annika T1 - Estimability Analysis for Optimization of Hysteretic Soil Hydraulic Parameters Using Data of a Field Irrigation Experiment T2 - Transport in Porous Media N2 - To improve the quality of parameter optimization, estimability analysis has been proposed as the first step before inverse modeling. When using field data of irrigation experiments for the determination of soil hydraulic parameters, wetting and drying processes may complicate optimization. The objectives of this study were to compare estimability analysis and inverse optimization of the soil hydraulic parameters in the models with and without considering hysteresis of the soil water retention function. Soil water pressure head data of a field irrigation experiment were used. The one-dimensional vertical water movement in variably saturated soil was described with the Richards equation using the HYDRUS-1D code. Estimability of the unimodal van Genuchten–Mualem hydraulic model parameters as well as of the hysteretic parameter model of Parker and Lenhard was classified according to a sensitivity coefficient matrix. The matrix was obtained by sequentially calculating effects of initial parameter variations on changes in the simulated pressure head values.Optimization was carried out by means of the Levenberg-Marquardt method implemented in the HYDRUS-1D code. The parameters α, Ks, θs, and n in the nonhysteretic model were found sensitive and parameter θs strongly correlated with parameter n. When assuming hysteresis, the estimability was decreased with soil depth for Ks and αd , and increased for θs and n. Among the shape parameters, αw was the most estimable. The hysteretic model could approximate the pressure heads in the soil by considering parameters from wetting and drying periods separately as initial estimates. The inverse optimization could be carried out more efficiently with most estimable parameters. Despite the remaining weaknesses of the local optimization algorithm and the inflexibility of the unimodal van Genuchten model, the results suggested that estimability analysis could be considered as a guidance to better define the optimization scenarios and then improved the determination of soil hydraulic parameters. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0315-6 VL - 103 IS - 3 SP - 535 EP - 562 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - A Template-matching Approach Combining Morphometric Variables for Automated Mapping of Charcoal Kiln Sites T2 - Archaeological Prospection N2 - Analysing the spatial distribution of anthropogenic relief structures can contribute to the understanding of past landuse systems. With automated mapping routines, small relief forms can be detected efficiently from high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs). In this study, we describe an approach for the automated mapping of charcoal kiln sites from an airborne laser-scanning DTM. The study site is located north of Cottbus, Germany, where an exceptionally large historic charcoal production field has been documented in previous archaeological surveys. The goal of this study was to implement, evaluate and improve an automated GIS-based routine for mapping these features based on the template-matching principle. In addition to the DTM, different morphometric variables were evaluated for their suitability to detect kiln sites. The mapping results were validated against a comprehensive database of kiln sites recorded from archaeological excavations and via manual digitization. The effects of irregular kiln-site geometry and DTM noise were evaluated using synthetic DTMs. The results of the synthetic DTM mapping show that the template-matching results differed depending on the morphometric variable used for the mapping process. In accordance with this observation, a validation of the mapping procedure for the field site suggests that feature mapping can be improved. In particular, the number of false detections can be reduced using a combination of morphometric variables. For the validation area, the kiln sites with diameters of at least 10m were mapped using the automated routine, with detection rates that were close to those of manual digitization. Therefore, the described method can considerably facilitate the mapping and distribution analysis of kiln sites or similar small relief forms that are prominent in a specific landscape. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1497 SN - 1099-0763 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 45 EP - 62 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Buras, Allan A1 - Maaten, Ernst van der A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Räbiger, Christin A1 - Cruz-García, Roberto A1 - Wilmking, Martin T1 - Effects of historic charcoal burning on soil properties T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015 KW - historic charcoal burning Y1 - 2015 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2015/EGU2015-3574-2.pdf N1 - EGU2015-3574-2 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Rösler, Horst T1 - Towards an inventory of historic charcoal production fields in Brandenburg, Germany T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015 KW - historic charcoal production Y1 - 2015 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2015/EGU2015-3949.pdf N1 - EGU2015-3949 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław A1 - Kordowski, Jarosław A1 - Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. A1 - Tyszkowski, Sebastian A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Late Quaternary landscape development at the margin of the Pomeranian phase (MIS 2) near Lake Wygonin (Northern Poland) T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015 KW - late quaternary landscape development Y1 - 2015 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2015/EGU2015-3547-1.pdf N1 - EGU2015-3547-1 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Bauriegel, Albrecht A1 - Nicolay, Alexander T1 - Junge Böden der Niederlausitz T2 - Brandenburgische Geowissenschaftliche Beiträge N2 - In der Niederlausitz finden sich sehr unterschiedliche Beispiele für junge Bodenbildungen, die oftmals durch menschliche Eingriffe ausgelöst wurden. In dem Beitrag werden neben den jüngsten Bodenentwicklungen auf Bergbaufolgestandorten auch jüngere Böden auf seit dem Mittelalter mit Flugsanden überdeckten Standorten vorgestellt. Obwohl die Genese der auf diesen Flugsanddecken anzutreffenden Böden bereits seit bis zu 1 000 Jahre andauert, sind hier erst Böden der Klasse der Ah/C-Böden entwickelt. Auf den Bergbaufolgestandorten wird versucht, die Bodenbildung durch spezielle Meliorationsmaßnahmen zu fördern. Untersuchungen an diesen besonders jungen Böden lassen gut die Prozesse der initialen Bodenentwicklung erkennen. Y1 - 2015 SN - 0947-1995 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 137 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi, Ruhollah A1 - Triantafilis, John T1 - Probabilistic inversion of EM38 data for 3D soil mapping in central Iran T2 - Geoderma Regional N2 - Accurate determination of near surface soil electrical properties is important for agricultural and environmental management. In this respect, low frequency electromagnetic induction (EMI) has been widely used to measure soil apparent electrical conductivity. However, the potential to model soil subsurface layering has not been fully realized using EMI data. In this paper, we applied a probabilistic optimization approach, namely DREAM (ZS), on Geonics EM38 data to explore the robustness of this approach for soil subsurface conductivity mapping. The EM38 data was measured from the Ardakan region in the province of Yazd located in central Iran. Several soil sampleswere taken andwere further analyzed in a laboratory to derive soil textural and physical parameters. The probabilistic inversion was performed in a joint multi-configuration framework considering a five layered model. The estimated values are mainly in agreementwith the clay map (as the most influential factor); nevertheless, soil salinity data and inversely estimated conductivity values are poorly correlated for deeper layers due to the aridic condition and high clay content in the study area. DREAM (ZS) optimization approach appears to be promising for accurate retrieval of soil conductivity depth profile from EM38 data. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2016.04.006 VL - 7 IS - 2 SP - 230 EP - 238 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Wechler, Klaus-Peter A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Reconstruction of a Paleosurface and Archaeological Site Location in an Anthropogenic Drift Sand Area T2 - Archaeological Prospection N2 - Knowledge of the position of archaeological remains in the surface relief provides important basic information for archaeological survey design and interpretation. Geomorphological processes in (pre)history may have resulted in a modification of the local relief around archaeological sites, especially in areas that are prone to sediment erosion and relocation, such as sheet sand and dune landscapes. In this study, we reconstructed and analysed the palaeorelief of an archaeological excavation site in an inland dune area in southern Brandenburg, Germany. The remains of two Mesolithic sites were documented in the archaeological excavations and found to be associated with a buried soil horizon. To gather information on the relief of the buried soil surface, we used a combination of sedimentological and pedological profile descriptions along archaeological survey trenches and geophysical prospection with ground penetrating radar supplemented with microdrone photography and photogrammetry, global positioning system (GPS) surveys, and analysis of LiDAR-based elevation models. A digital elevation model of the buried surface was generated and analysed using a geographical information system (GIS). A comparison of the palaeosurface model with the recent surface elevation model shows that sand remobilization resulted in a considerable reshaping of the relief. Further, an analysis of the buried surface model shows that the relief position of the two archaeological sites in the study area was considerably more prominent in relation to the corresponding buried soil surface than in relation to the recent surface morphology. The results affirm the significance of Holocene sediment relocation for the local surface morphology and the importance of considering such relief modifications in archaeological surveys. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1571 SN - 1099-0763 VL - 24 IS - 4 SP - 297 EP - 310 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Ouimet, William A1 - Johnson, Katharine M. A1 - Dethier, David A1 - Raab, Alexandra T1 - Architecture of relict charcoal hearths in northwestern Connecticut, USA T2 - Geoarchaeology N2 - Relict charcoal hearths are round or elliptical earthen platforms up to 11 m in diameter and a widespread feature of historical industry that supplied charcoal used in the production of iron in furnaces or smelters. The iron industry dominated Litchfield County, Connecticut, and surrounding areas in the northeastUnited States throughout the 19th century, peaking in ∼1850. The large number of charcoal hearths in this region is a relic of >150 years of widespread iron production. In this study, we describe the architecture and soil stratigraphy of 26 charcoal hearths in Litchfield County. This contribution aims to (1) compare soils that comprise the charcoal hearths with “natural” adjacent soils, (2) measure the thickness of topsoil developed upon the hearths, and (3) characterize the stratigraphy associated with these features. Results indicate that the black topsoils overlying the charcoal hearths contain residual charcoal and are on average 2.6 times thicker than adjacentCambisols. Charcoal hearths display two ormore black, charcoal-rich strata separated by layers of reddish-brown soil low in charcoal content indicating multiple episodes of use.We also find that many charcoal hearths have been stabilized with boulders on the downslope side during construction and repeated use.Overall, the results presented here provide significant information regarding the construction, use, and associated impacts of earthen platforms for charcoal production in the northeastUnited States, with further relevance to other areas where historical charcoal production occurred. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.21614 SN - 1520-6548 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 502 EP - 510 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Hu, Yuzhu A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Hydrogeochemische Signaturen der Einzugsgebietsentwicklung – die Rolle der Calcium- und Sulfatfreisetzung im Hühnerwassereinzugsgebiet T2 - Abstract-Sammlung zu Posterbeiträgen, eingereicht zum Tag der Hydrologie in Trier 2017, 23. 03. – 24. 03. 2017 Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.uni-trier.de/fileadmin/fb6/prof/PHY/PDF-Dateien/TdH2017_4Abstracts_Poster.pdf SP - S. 5 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Gerke, Horst H. ED - Novák, Martin ED - Krám, Pavel ED - Stepánová, Markéta T1 - Initial soil and ecosystem development in an artificial catchment: Visualization of soil structure and water flow T2 - 9th International Symposium on Ecosystem Behavior BIOGEOMON, Litomysl, Czech Republic, August 20-24, 2017 N2 - An artificial catchment was constructed to study initial soil and ecosystem development. Our research site is the hydrologic catchment area “Chicken Creek”, 20 km south of the city Cottbus (Germany), which is left to undirected succession. The approximately 6-ha catchment area was built in 2005 of coarse-textured quaternary sediments and forms a back- and foot-slope that flattens out to a pond. A clay liner, 2-3 m in thickness, seals the catchment at the bottom. The initial “soil” layer consists of sandy quaternary sediments, approximately 2–3 m in thickness, that overlay the clay liner. The sediments of the artificial system are in the very initial stage of soil formation. As a key process, the pore structure dynamics in the soil at the surface strongly influences erosion, infiltration, matter dynamics, and vegetation establishment. Little is known, however, about early macropore formation. This presentation focuses on observations of the general development of the catchment, with emphasis on soil structure modifications, such as soil surface crusts, structure formation from ground beetles, moss vegetation and its effect on water flow. We visualized the soil structure and flow patterns using a combination of neutron radiography, neutron tomography (NT) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) experiments. All techniques were used to describe preferential pathways as a soil structure with CT and the process of preferential flow of water with NT. For the first time, neutron radiation was applied on undisturbed soil cores to visualize water distributions in natural soils on three examples containing heterogeneities of different origin. Our observations demonstrate relatively high abiotic and biotic dynamics of soil pore structure in the soil surface even during the very early development stages of the catchment. The structure formation influences runoff and infiltration by forming sealing layers or preferential flow paths, due to biotic activity. Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.biogeomon.cz/documents/Abstracts.pdf SP - S. 355 PB - Czech Geological Survey CY - Prague ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jadoon, Khan Zaib A1 - McCabe, Matthew F. A1 - Altaf, Muhammad Umer A1 - Hoteit, Ibrahim A1 - Muhammad, Nisar A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Weihermüller, Lutz T1 - Inferring soil salinity in a drip irrigation system from multi-configuration EMI measurements using adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo T2 - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences N2 - A substantial interpretation of electromagnetic induction (EMI) measurements requires quantifying optimal model parameters and uncertainty of a nonlinear inverse problem. For this purpose, an adaptive Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is used to assess multi-orientation and multi-offset EMI measurements in an agriculture field with non-saline and saline soil. In MCMC the posterior distribution is computed using Bayes’ rule. The electromagnetic forward model based on the full solution of Maxwell’s equations was used to simulate the apparent electrical conductivity measured with the configurations of EMI instrument, the CMD Mini-Explorer. Uncertainty in the parameters for the three-layered earth model are investigated by using synthetic data. Our results show that in the scenario of non-saline soil, the parameters of layer thickness as compared to layers electrical conductivity are not very informative and are therefore difficult to resolve. Application of the proposed MCMC-based inversion to field measurements in a drip irrigation system demonstrates that the parameters of the model can be well estimated for the saline soil as compared to the non-saline soil, and provides useful insight about parameter uncertainty for the assessment of the model outputs. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5375-2017 SN - 1607-7938 SN - 1027-5606 VL - 21 IS - 10 SP - 5375 EP - 5383 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Jadoon, Khan Zaib A1 - McCabe, Matthew F. T1 - Spatiotemporal monitoring of soil water content profiles in an irrigated field using probabilistic inversion of time-lapse EMI data T2 - Advances in Water Resources N2 - Monitoring spatiotemporal variations of soil water content (θ) is important across a range of research fields, including agricultural engineering, hydrology, meteorology and climatology. Low frequency electromagnetic induction (EMI) systems have proven to be useful tools in mapping soil apparent electrical conductivity (σa) and soil moisture. However, obtaining depth profile water content is an area that has not been fully explored using EMI. To examine this, we performed time-lapse EMI measurements using a CMD mini-Explorer sensor along a 10m transect of a maize field over a 6 day period. Reference data were measured at the end of the profile via an excavated pit using 5TE capacitance sensors. In order to derive a time-lapse, depth-specific subsurface image of electrical conductivity (σ), we applied a probabilistic sampling approach, DREAM(ZS), on the measured EMI data. The inversely estimated σ values were subsequently converted to θ using the Rhoades et al. (1976) petrophysical relationship. The uncertainties in measured σa, as well as inaccuracies in the inverted data, introduced some discrepancies between estimated σ and reference values in time and space. Moreover, the disparity between the measurement footprints of the 5TE and CMD Mini-Explorer sensors also led to differences. The obtained θ permitted an accurate monitoring of the spatiotemporal distribution and variation of soil water content due to root water uptake and evaporation. The proposed EMI measurement and modeling technique also allowed for detecting temporal root zone soil moisture variations. The time-lapse θ monitoring approach developed using DREAM(ZS) thus appears to be a useful technique to understand spatiotemporal patterns of soil water content and provide insights into linked soil moisture vegetation processes and the dynamics of soil moisture/infiltration processes. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.10.019 SN - 1872-9657 SN - 0309-1708 VL - 110 SP - 238 EP - 248 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner ED - Krebs, Rolf ED - Egli, Markus ED - Schulin, Rainer ED - Tobias, Silvia T1 - Rekultivierung und Renaturierung nach Braunkohleabbau T2 - Bodenschutz in der Praxis Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-8252-4820-8 SP - 165 EP - 166 PB - Haupt Verlag CY - Bern ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Vrugt, Jasper A. T1 - Non-invasive characterization of soil conductivity structure using probabilistic inversion and dimensionality reduction approach T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2018, Vienna, Austria N2 - Low frequency loop-loop electromagnetic induction (EMI) is widely used for monitoring soil electrical conductivity and water content. As a non-invasive geophysical technique, EMI allows for rapid and real-time electrical conductivity measurements. However, EMI has not yet been used much to back out the vertical (depth profile) conductivity structure due to problems with the inversion of measured apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) data. In this study, we used Bayesian inference with the MT-DREAM(ZS) algorithm to infer the electrical conductivity layering of the subsurface from EMI data.We test and evaluate our methodology using apparent electrical conductivity data measured along two transects in the Hühnerwasser catchment in Lusatia, Germany. These measurements were made using CMD-Explorer, a multi-configuration sensor with three inter-coil spacings and two antenna orientations. Three offsets and two antenna modes lead to six measurement depths. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) measurements were also carried out to provide reference conductivity values and to calibrate the EMI data. Such calibration is necessary for quantitative interpretation of the ECa values and to enable multi-layered inversion. The Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) was used to reduce the number of unknown parameters, and different likelihood functions were used to evaluate the sensitivity of the posterior parameter distribution to residual assumptions. DCT-based inversion equates to a quasi-two-dimensional framework which incorporates all data along the profile and results in a low-dimensional over-determined optimization problem. Results demonstrated that although appropriate selection of the low frequency DCT coefficients is important, the definition of the likelihood function plays a crucial role in the estimation of parameter and predictive uncertainty. The use of a Gaussian likelihood function introduces artifacts in DCT-based inversion of EMI data. The use of a more flexible likelihood function results in more accurate results of the DCT-inversion. Integration of the DCT with the MT-DREAM(ZS) algorithm and a flexible generalized likelihood function appears promising for the inversion of low frequency loop-loop EMI data. The proposed approach promises accurate and high resolution estimation of subsurface hydrogeophysical properties from EMI data. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2018/EGU2018-1445.pdf N1 - EGU2018-1445 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nasuti, Yasin A1 - Nasuti, Aziz A1 - Moghadas, Davood T1 - STDR: A Novel Approach for Enhancing and Edge Detection of Potential Field Data T2 - Pure and Applied Geophysics N2 - Edge detection is one of the most important steps in the map interpretation of potential field data. In such a dataset, it is difficult to distinguish adjacent anomalous sources due to their field superposition. In particular, the presence of overlain shallow and deep magnetic/gravity sources leads to strong and weak anomalies. In this paper, we present an improved filter, STDR, which utilises the ratio of the second-order vertical derivative to the second-order total horizontal derivative at the tilt angle equation. The maximum and minimum values of this filter delineate the positive and negative anomalies, respectively. This novel filtering approach normalises the intensity of strong and weak anomalies, as well as anomalies with different depths and properties. Moreover, to better illustrate the edges, its total horizontal derivative (THD_STDR) is also used. For positive and negative anomalies, the maximum value of the THD_STDR filter shows the edges of the anomalies. The potentiality of the proposed method is examined through both synthetic and real case scenarios and the results are compared with a number of existing edge detector filters, namely TDR, THD_TDR, Theta and TDX. Due to substantial improvements in the filtering, STDR and its total horizontal derivative allow for more accurate estimation of anomaly edges in comparison with the other filtering techniques. As a consequence, the interpretation of the potential field data is more feasible using the STDR filtering method. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-018-2016-5 SN - 0033-4553 SN - 1420-9136 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Vrugt, Jasper A. T1 - The influence of geostatistical prior modeling on the solution of DCT-based Bayesian inversion: A case study from Chicken Creek catchment T2 - Remote Sensing N2 - Low frequency loop-loop electromagnetic induction (EMI) is a widely-used geophysical measurement method to rapidly measure in situ the apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) of variably-saturated soils. Here, we couple Bayesian inversion of a quasi-two-dimensional electromagnetic (EM) model with image compression via the discrete cosine transform (DCT) for subsurface electrical conductivity (EC) imaging. The subsurface EC distributions are obtained from multi-configuration EMI data measured with a CMD-Explorer sensor along two transects in the Chicken Creek catchment (Brandenburg, Germany). Dipole-dipole electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data are used to benchmark the inferred EC fields of both transects. We are especially concerned with the impact of the DCT truncation method on the accuracy and reliability of the inversely-estimated EC images. We contrast the results of two different truncation approaches for model parametrization. The first scenario considers an arbitrary selection of the dominant DCT coefficients and their prior distributions (a commonly-used approach), while the second methodology benefits from geostatistical simulation of the EMI data pseudosection. This study demonstrates that DCT truncation based on geostatistical simulations facilitates a robust selection of the dominant DCT coefficients and their prior ranges, resulting in more accurate subsurface EC imaging from multi-configuration EMI data. Results based on geostatistical prior modeling present an excellent agreement between the EMI- and ERT-derived EC fields of the Chicken Creek catchment. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11131549 SN - 2072-4292 VL - 11 IS - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Jadoon, Khan Zaib A1 - McCabe, Matthew F. T1 - Spatiotemporal monitoring of soil moisture from EMI data using DCT-based Bayesian inference and neural network T2 - Journal of Applied Geophysics N2 - Loop-loop electromagnetic induction (EMI) has proven to be efficient for fast and real-time soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) measurements. It is important to develop robust and accurate inversion strategies to obtain soil electromagnetic conductivity image (EMCI) from ECa data. Moreover, obtaining an accurate nonlinear relationship between subsurface electrical conductivity (σ) and water content (θ) plays a key role for soil moisture monitoring using EMI. Here, we incorporated probabilistic inversion of multi-configuration ECa data with dimensionality reduction technique through the discrete cosine transform (DCT) using training image (TI)-based parametrization to retrieve soil EMCI. The ECa data were measured repeatedly along a 10 m transect using a CMD mini-Explorer sensor. Time-lapse reference data were collected as well to benchmark the inversion results and to find the in-situ relationship between σ and θ. To convert the inversely estimated timelapse EMCI to the soil moisture,we examined two approaches, namely, Rhoades et al. (1976) model and artificial neural network (ANN). The proposed inversion strategy estimated the soil EMCI with an excellent agreement with the reference counterpart. Moreover, the ANN approach demonstrated superiorities than the commonly used petrophysical model of Rhoades et al. (1976) to obtain spatiotemporal images of θ from time-lapse EMCI. The results demonstrated that incorporation of the DCT-based probabilistic inversion of ECa data with the ANN approach offers a great promise for accurate characterization of the temporal wetting front and root zone soil moisture. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2019.07.004 SN - 0926-9851 VL - 169 SP - 226 EP - 238 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Badorreck, Annika T1 - Characterization of soil electrical conductivity from Chicken Creek Catchment using deep learning inversion of geophysical data T2 - EGU General Assembly 2020, Online, 4–8 May 2020 Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-2664 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schillem, Steffi A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Freese, Dirk ED - Frouz, Jan ED - Gerwin, Werner ED - Marcin Pietrzykowski, Marcin T1 - Tree and shrub species grown on post-mining sites as source of biomass for bio-based industry N2 - Reclamation sites in East-Germany are characterized by very sandy substrates being almost free of organic matter, with extremely low nutrient contents and an annual precipitation of only 570 mm and lower. To enhance the value of such marginal lands for a future regionally based bioeconomy the EU funded BeonNAT project plans the plantation of regional tree and shrub species. The obtained forest biomass will be used for the production of biodegradable bio-based products and bioactive compounds that will play an important role to replace fossil-based competing substitute products. Field trials in different European countries will be established to test the benefit of intercropping/mixed-forest in marginal cultural land versus the natural growing/monoculture. In Germany, one test site is located in the post-mining sites of Lusatia. In this field trial the biomass development, the impact on soil fertility and biodiversity will be investigated after planting Robinia pseudoacacia and Rubus fructicosus. KW - reclamation KW - bio-based products KW - marginal land Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352312151_Tree_and_shrub_species_grown_on_post-mining_sites_as_source_of_biomass_for_bio-based_industry ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Müller, Frank A1 - Heußner, Karl-Uwe A1 - Rösler, Horst T1 - Reconstructing anthropogenic landscape transformation in the surroundings of the ironwork Peitz (SE Brandenburg, Germany) - 16th to mid-19th centuries T2 - 4th International Landscape Archaeology Conference, Uppsala, 22nd - 25th August 2016 N2 - Various sources provide information about land use history and landscape transformation. For a variety of reasons, the quality of information differs and is often discontinuous or incomplete. In this interdisciplinary study we take advantage of comprehensive archaeological data gathered by large-scale excavations that were necessary because of opencast lignite mining in Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany. By using a GIS we integrate these archaeological findings with results from archival and literature studies, from historical maps, from landforms and soils as well as from analyses of shaded-relief maps derived from up-to-date LiDAR data. The long-term aim is to develop a palaeoenvironmental model and thus to reconstruct landscape changes caused by human activities. The focus of the study is the Peitz ironwork in SE Brandenburg, which was a large consumer of commodities for about 300 years. During the time it operated, extensive transformations are supposed to have affected the landscape in the vicinity because of wood consumption and especially charcoal production. Digital datasets about forested areas for different timespans reconstructed from historical maps were made available. In combination with dendrochronological dating of charred trees, the spatiotemporal dimension of charcoal kilns was determined. Also, sites of former bog iron ore mining could be identified. Moreover, the different sources contain further information about other forms of land uses such as agriculture, pastoralism and even viticulture. In conclusion we can highlight that the mosaic of past land use systems is different from the modern structure but that major changes in the forests have been retained. Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.arkeologi.uu.se/digitalAssets/447/c_447246-l_1-k_20160816_lac_booklet.pdf SP - S. 152 PB - Department of archaeology and ancient history, Uppsala university, CY - Uppsala ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Heußner, Karl-Uwe A1 - Hirsch, Florian T1 - Spatial distribution of relict charcoal hearths in the former royal forest district Tauer (SE Brandenburg, Germany) T2 - Quaternary International N2 - Historical charcoal production has long been an unconsidered type of forest utilization in lowland areas. The archaeological discovery of a large charcoal burning area in the forefield of the active opencast lignite mine J€anschwalde in SE Brandenburg (North German Lowlands) has highlighted the need for multidisciplinary research in the study of the dimensions of historical charcoal burning. The charcoal produced in our study area, the former royal forest district Tauer, provided energy for the nearby Peitz ironworks during its operation from the mid-16th to the mid-19th century. Here, we aimed to record the amount, size and distribution of relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) to examine their context with respect to the ironworks and to better understand the potential impacts on late Quaternary landscape change. The applied methods combined archaeological research with shaded-relief mapping of RCHs. To evaluate the detection success of RCHs in the shaded-relief maps (SRMs), we compared the results with the results from specific archaeological surveys and conventional forest site mapping. Furthermore, we analyzed our dataset with descriptive, comparable and spatial statistics. Additionally, dendrochronological dating of charcoal fragments from selected RCHs was used to investigate the temporal relationships among the RCHs. Approximately 6000 circular RCHs were manually digitally identified in the SRMs of the 109-km2 evaluable area. However, ground truthing showed that the shaded-relief maps could not completely capture all RCHs in our study area due to local conditions. At the regional scale, two focus areas with high RCH site densities were found. Statistical analysis revealed that the diameters of the RCHs range widely from 4 to 30.5 m. Spatial statistics were applied to the RCH diameters to aggregate areas with larger or smaller RCHs. At the small scale, no systematic arrangement of RCHs was obvious in the SRMs. Dendrochronological dating of selected RCHs lying close together could not detect significant spatiotemporal relationships or patterns. The dating results also showed that some areas have been preferentially used for charcoal production for over 300 years. Due to the homogeneity of the physiogeographical location factors, we assume that these factors are not superficially responsible for site selection. Instead, economic location factors and contemporary regulations are more likely responsible for the distribution of RCHs. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2017.07.022 SN - 1040-6182 VL - Vol. 511 SP - 153 EP - 165 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nasuti, Aziz A1 - Nasuti, Yasin A1 - Moghadas, Davood T1 - Enhancing Potential Field Data Using TDY Filter T2 - Near Surface Geoscience Conference & Exhibition, 9-12 September 2018, Porto, Portugal N2 - Potential field methods produce anomaly maps with different magnitudes and depths that are typically contaminated by noise, making them hard to interpret. In order to highlight edges of the anomalies with different depths and magnitudes, data filtering techniques have received a great attention, in particular for mineral explorations. Filtering approaches render to explore more details from potential field data maps. In this respect, high pass filters are commonly used for enhancing the anomaly edges all of which utilize gradients of the potential field. In order to apply different filters on the potential field data, major attempts have been made to make a balance between noise and the signal obtained from a filtered image (Cooper & Cowan, 2006). Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327646691_ ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Moghadas, Davood T1 - High-Resolution Soil Electrical Conductivity Imaging from EMI D Based Probabilistic Inversion T2 - 24th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, 9-13 September Porto, Portugal N2 - Electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors allow for non-invasive soil characterizations. Proximal soil sensing using EMI hindered due to the problems related to the inversion of apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) data. In this study, I used Bayesian inference to obtain the electrical conductivity layering of the subsurface from multi-configuration EMI data. In this respect, generalized formal likelihood function was used to more accurately describe the sensitivity of the posterior parameter distribution to residual assumptions. Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) was employed as a model compression technique to reduce the number of unknown parameters in the inversion. I considered apparent electrical conductivity pseudosection as a training image (TI) in multiple-point statistical simulations. Information from TI realizations were utilized to determine dominant DCT coefficients, as well as prior probability density functions for the subsequent probabilistic inversions. The potentiality of the proposed approach was examined through an experimental scenario. The results demonstrated that this methodology allows for soil electrical conductivity imaging with high resolution. This strategy permits to incorporate summary metrics from ensemble of ECa pseudosection realizations in the inversion without resorting to any complimentary source of information. The proposed approach ensures accurate and high resolution characterization of soil conductivity layering from measured ECa values. Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.earthdoc.org/publication/publicationdetails/?publication=94372 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Heußner, Karl-Uwe A1 - Bönisch, Eberhard T1 - Pre-industrial charcoal production in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany): Detection and evaluation of a large charcoal-burning field by combining archaeological studies, GIS-based analyses of shaded-relief maps and dendrochronological age determination T2 - Quaternary International N2 - In pre-industrial times, charcoal burning was a common source of energy across Europe. Charcoal production and its related consequences for the upland environment are well known due to historical and palaeoenvironmental research. In recent years, awareness has grown regarding the use of woods in the lowlands for charcoal production. In the last 20 years, a large charcoal-burning field in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, North German Lowlands) was discovered by systematic archaeological excavations of the opencast mine of Jänschwalde. However, the excavations are limited to the mine, which only covers a portion of the Jänschwalder Heide and the surrounding forests. In this paper, we present the results of our study regarding the spatial extension and timing of charcoal production in the Jänschwalder Heide and its surrounding areas. We applied a combined approach using archaeological research results, GIS-analyses of shaded-relief maps (SRMs) and tree-ring dating of selected charcoal kiln remains. Approximately 900 excavated charcoal kiln ground plans were analysed, which provided a solid data basis for our GIS analyses. For an extensive evaluation, we enlarged our study area beyond the limits of the lignite mine. We identified and digitised the remains of the charcoal kilns by creating SRMs from digital elevation models (DEMs) that were based on high-resolution airborne laser scanning data (ALS). The data from the excavated and digitised charcoal kiln remains were analysed in terms of their sizes and spatial distributions. In addition, the dendrochronological ages of 16 selected charcoal kiln remains were determined. This study shows that charcoal production was more extensive than initially proven by archaeological excavations. The remains of more than 5000 charcoal kilns were detected on the SRMs across an area that was twice as large as the excavated charcoal-burning field. In the Jänschwalder Heide, considerably more charcoal kiln relicts exist compared with the surrounding communal areas. Furthermore, the charcoal kiln remains in the Jänschwalder Heide have larger diameters, suggesting large-scale charcoal production for supplying energy to the nearby ironworks at Peitz. However, the charcoal production on the communal land was most likely for local crafts. The ages of the charcoal kiln remains indicated that charcoal production occurred between the 17th and 19th centuries, corresponding with the main period of charcoal burning. Overall, our study suggested that charcoal production sites are underestimated in the modern landscapes of the North German Lowlands. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.041 VL - Vol. 367 SP - 111 EP - 122 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Spatial and temporal variability of soil physical properties on legacies of historic charcoal production T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2018, Vienna, Austria N2 - The spatial variability of soil physical properties on the landscape scale is often increased by anthropogenic land occupation, not only by current land use but also through the legacies of past land use systems. The remains of historic charcoal hearts are an example for such a disturbance of the soil landscape by former forestry. Such relict charcoal hearths (RCH) exhibit a clearly altered soil stratigraphy, most prominently characterized by a technogenic substrate layer on the soil surface, and their soil physical properties can considerably differ from those of surrounding forest soils. The aim of our study is to characterize the soil water and temperature regime on RHC in a pre-industrial charcoal production area in Brandenburg, Germany, as compared with the surrounding sandy forest soils. Soil properties were analyzed in profiles on and around hearth sites and are monitored in a sensor transect equipped with soil moisture sensors and pF-meters. Results of soil sample analyses show differences in density and porosity between the RCH soils and surrounding forest soils, not only in the technogenic layer but also in the buried soil layers on hearth sites. The soil water characteristic curves determined in the laboratory indicate a modified pore size distribution and lower plant available water contents in the RCH soils. Preliminary results of the ongoing soil water monitoring, however, show increased soil wetness in the RCH soils, along with lower soil moisture tensions. Furthermore, the measurements show higher variations of soil temperature in RCH soils. The results affirm that the legacies of historic charcoal production can increase the spatial variability of soil physical properties and therefore also of ecological site conditions in forest areas. The results of soil moisture monitoring suggest that a determination of soil physical parameters in the laboratory is not sufficient to characterize the spatio-temporal variations of the soil water regime. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2018/EGU2018-10115.pdf N1 - EGU2018-10115 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner ED - Schopper, Franz T1 - Bau einer Landschaft mit Tagebautechnik - Das neue Hühnerwasserquellgebiet T2 - Ausgrabungen im Niederlausitzer Braunkohlenrevier : 2015/2016 Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-910011-87-8 SP - 84 EP - 96 PB - Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum CY - Wünsdorf ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Pohle, Ina T1 - Entwicklung eines transienten hydrologischen Systems: Zustandsänderungen des künstlichen Einzugsgebiets Hühnerwasser T2 - Abstract-Sammlung zu Posterbeiträgen, eingereicht zum Tag der Hydrologie in Trier 2017, 23. 03. – 24. 03. 2017 Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.uni-trier.de/fileadmin/fb6/prof/PHY/PDF-Dateien/TdH2017_4Abstracts_Poster.pdf SP - S. 1 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Müller, Frank A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Heußner, Karl-Uwe T1 - Spatial analysis of charcoal kiln remains in the former royal forest district Tauer (Lower Lusatia, North German Lowlands) T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2016, Vienna, Austria N2 - Archaeological excavations have revealed more than thousand charcoal kiln remains (CKRs) in the prefield of the active opencast lignite mine Jänschwalde, situated about 150 km SE of Berlin (SE Brandenburg, Germany). The charcoal was mainly produced for the ironwork Peitz nearby, which operated from the 16th to the mid-19th centuries. In a first approach, to estimate the dimension of the charcoal production, CKRs were mapped on shaded-relief maps (SRMs) derived from high-resolution LiDAR data (Raab et al. 2015). Subsequently, for a selected test area, identified CKRs on the SRMs were compared with archaeologically excavated CKRs in the field. This survey showed a considerably number of falsely detected sites. Therefore, the data was critically re-evaluated using additional relief visualisations. Further, we extended the CKR mapping to areas which are not archaeologically investigated. The study area, the former royal forest district Tauer, consists of two separate areas: the Tauersche Heide (c. 96 km2 area) N of Peitz and the area Jänschwalde (c. 32 km2 area) NE of Peitz. The study area is characterized by a flat topography. Different former and current anthropogenic uses (e.g., military training, solar power plant, forestry measures) have affected the study area, resulting in extensive disturbances of the terrain surface. The revised CKR abundance in the study area Jänschwalde was considerably smaller than the numbers produced by our first approach. Further, the CKR mapping revealed, that a total record of the CKRs is not possible for various reasons. Despite these limitations, a solid database can be provided for a much larger area than before. Basic statistic parameters of the CKR diameters and all comparative statistical tests were calculated using SPSS. To detect underlying spatial relationships in the CKR site distribution, we applied the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic, a method to test for local spatial autocorrelation between neighbouring sites. The test is available as part of the ArcGis 10.1 spatial statistics toolbox. The outcomes are discussed in consideration of our archaeological, archival and dendrochronological research results. Y1 - 2016 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2016/EGU2016-5610.pdf N1 - EGU2016-5610 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Brück, Yasemine A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Modeling 3D soil and sediment distributions for assessing catchment structure and hydrological feedbacks T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015 Y1 - 2015 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2015/EGU2015-12519.pdf N1 - EGU2015-12519 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Bauriegel, Albrecht T1 - Opencast mines in South Brandenburg (Germany) - archives of Late Quaternary landscape development and human-induced land use changes T2 - Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences N2 - This study outlines the opportunities for geoarchaeological research in active opencast lignite mines in southern Brandenburg (Germany). Studies on extensive outcrops that address both archaeology and soil geomorphology, combined with a geographical information system (GIS) approach, provide unique insights into human-induced environmental changes in Lower Lusatia and generally improve our understanding of landscape dynamics. We present the most recent results from three case studies and review important findings from the last several years. Studies conducted in opencast mines of Cottbus-Nord and Jänschwalde focus on (i) Late Quaternary geomorphodynamics and soil development and (ii) past land use and the legacy of agriculture and woodland use. Our results are similar to those in other regions in Central Europe, but we also observe regional differences caused by the local setting, e.g. intensification of soil erosion coinciding with the expansion of farming of cultivated lands in the Slavic Middle Ages. Our research reveals the largest archaeologically investigated area of historical charcoal production in the Northern European Lowland (NEL). We are clearly only beginning to understand the massive dimensions of charcoal production in the region. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-015-0227-6 SN - 1866-9565 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 453 EP - 466 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - A 3D-spatial approach for modeling soil hydraulic property distributions on the artificial Huehnerwasser catchment T2 - Geophysical Research Abstracts N2 - Knowledge of catchment 3D spatial heterogeneity is crucial for the assessment and modeling of eco-hydrological processes. Especially during the initial development phase of a hydro-geo-system, the primary structural properties have the potential to determine further development pathways. Small-scale heterogeneity (cm to m scale) may have significant effects on processes on larger spatial scales, but is difficult to measure and quantify. The Hühnerwasser (Chicken Creek) catchment offers the unique opportunity to study early ecosystem development within an initial structural setup that is well-known, from the plot up to the catchment scale. Based on information on the open-cast mining technology, catchment boundaries and sediment properties, we developed a structure generator program for the process-based modeling of specific dumping structures and sediment property distributions on the catchment. The structure generator reproduces the trajectories of spoil ridges and can be conditioned to reproduce actual sediment distributions according to remote sensing and soil sampling data. Alternatively, sediment distribution scenarios can be generated based on geological data from the excavation site, or can be distributed stochastically. Using pedotransfer functions, the effective hydraulic van-Genuchten parameters are then calculated from sediment texture and bulk density. The main application of the 3D catchment model is to provide detailed 3D-distributed flow domain information for hydrological flow modeling. Observation data are available from catchment monitoring are available for determining the boundary conditions (e.g., precipitation), and the calibration / validation of the model (catchment discharge, ground water). The analysis of multiple sediment distribution scenarios allows to evaluate the effect of initial conditions on hydrological behavior development. Generally, the modeling approach can be used to pinpoint the influx of specific soil structural features on ecohydrological processes across spatial scales. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2019/EGU2019-5378.pdf VL - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Niebisch, Michael A1 - Müller, Hannes A1 - Schümberg, Sabine A1 - Zha, Tingting A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Coupling Poisson rectangular pulse and multiplicative microcanonical random cascade models to generate subdaily precipitation time series T2 - Journal of Hydrology N2 - To simulate the impacts of within-storm rainfall variabilities on fast hydrological processes, long precipi-tation time series with high temporal resolution are required. Due to limited availability of observed data such time series are typically obtained from stochastic models. However, most existing rainfall models are limited in their ability to conserve rainfall event statistics which are relevant for hydrological pro-cesses. Poisson rectangular pulse models are widely applied to generate long time series of alternating precipitation events durations and mean intensities as well as interstorm period durations. Multiplicative microcanonical random cascade (MRC) models are used to disaggregate precipitation time series from coarse to fine temporal resolution. To overcome the inconsistencies between the temporal structure of the Poisson rectangular pulse model and the MRC model, we developed a new coupling approach by introducing two modifications to the MRC model. These modifications comprise (a) a modified cascade model (“constrained cascade”) which preserves the event durations generated by the Poisson rectangular model by constraining the first and last interval of a precipitation event to contain precipitation and (b) continuous sigmoid func-tions of the multiplicative weights to consider the scale-dependency in the disaggregation of precipita-tion events of different durations. The constrained cascade model was evaluated in its ability to dis-aggregate observed precipitation events in comparison to existing MRC models. For that, we used a 20-year record of hourly precipitation at six stations across Germany. The constrained cascade model showed a pronounced better agreement with the observed data in terms of both the temporal pattern of the precipitation time series (e.g. the dry and wet spell durations and autocorrelations) and event char-acteristics (e.g. intra-event intermittency and intensity fluctuation within events). The constrained cas-cade model also slightly outperformed the other MRC models with respect to the intensity-frequency relationship. To assess the performance of the coupled Poisson rectangular pulse and constrained cascade model, precipitation events were stochastically generated by the Poisson rectangular pulse model and then disaggregated by the constrained cascade model. We found that the coupled model performs satisfac-torily in terms of the temporal pattern of the precipitation time series, event characteristics and the in-tensity-frequency relationship. KW - Rainfall generator KW - Disaggregation KW - Precipitation event KW - Autocorrelation KW - Within-event variability KW - Intra-event intermittency Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.04.063 SN - 0022-1694 VL - 562 SP - 50 EP - 70 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buras, Allan A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Maaten, Ernst van der A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Räbiger, Christin A1 - Cruz-García, Roberto A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Wilmking, Martin T1 - Charcoal kiln relicts - a favorable site for tree growth? T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April – 17 May 2015 Y1 - 2015 N1 - EGU2015-3257 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Grünewald, Uwe A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Bartl, Steffen ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid ED - Schulin, Rainer ED - Gerwin, Werner T1 - Project A4 – Development and interactions of flow paths on the surface and in the soil T2 - Structures and processes of the initial ecosystem development phase in an artificial water catchment (Final report CRC/TR 38) Y1 - 2013 SP - 37 EP - 44 PB - BTU, Forschungszentrum Landschaftsentwicklung und Bergbaulandschaften (FZLB) CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Müller, Frank A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas ED - Schwab, Markus J. ED - Theuerkauf, Martin ED - Brauer, Achim ED - Wilmking, Martin ED - Lampe, Reinhard T1 - Forestry and charcoal burning in the vicinity of the ironwork Peitz (South Brandenburg, Germany) – What do we know from historical and archaeological data? T2 - 3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028 SP - 51 PB - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Pötzsch, Bastian A1 - Fritzsche, Marie A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas ED - Schwab, Markus J. ED - Theuerkauf, Martin ED - Brauer, Achim ED - Wilmking, Martin ED - Lampe, Reinhard T1 - Influence of charcoal burning induced pyrolysis on soils T2 - 3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028 SP - 41 PB - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Bartl, Steffen A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Schapp, Andrea T1 - Analyse von Wechselwirkungen zwischen Infiltration und Abfluss in Abhängigkeit von Oberflächenstrukturen mit einem komplexen Beregnungsexperiment T2 - Böden - eine endliche Ressource, 5. - 13. September 2009, Bonn, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft Y1 - 2009 UR - http://eprints.dbges.de/212/1/Biemelt_etal_DBG_Berichte.pdf PB - Deutsche Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft (Selbstverlag) CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Evidence of (pre-) historic to modern landscape development and land use history in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany) T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - In the apron of three active lignite opencast pits in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany), archaeological survey trenches were investigated in areas where Quaternary aeolian sand deposits are widespread. The investigated palaeoenvironmental archives in Jänschwalde, Cottbus-Nord and Welzow contain evidence of fluvial and aeolian morphodynamics, soil formation and agricultural land use from (pre-)historic to modern times. To study the age and the causes of sand drifting and landform stabilization, standard soil physical and chemical laboratory analyses as well as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating (14C) were carried out. Two main sedimentological units were identified: Unit 1 consists of glacio-fluvial and Late Weichselian aeolian sands representing the parent material for the native Podsol-Braunerde and Podsol development, while Unit 2 represents the Late Holocene aeolian deposits. Four periods of Late glacial and Holocene aeolian activity and three phases of geomorphological stability have been identified: (i) Aeolian sedimentation during the Late glacial, (ii) Mesolithic reactivation of aeolian processes, (iii) soil formation until Late Roman Iron Age settlers intensified the agricultural land use, (iv) intensive drift sand formation during the High Middle Ages due to agricultural expansion, (v) stabilization of the drift sands and weak soil formation, (vi) reactivation of aeolian processes due to the increasing wood consumption and charcoal production from the early 16th until the mid-19th century, (vii) surface stabilization and formation of Regosols since the mid-19th century due to afforestation. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-3404-1.pdf N1 - EGU2014-3404-1 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Pötzsch, Bastian A1 - Fritzsche, Marie A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Influence of charcoal burning induced pyrolysis on soils T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - In Lusatia, Northeastern Germany, the production of ironware between the 16th and 19th century left behind a remarkable amount of charcoal kilns in the forests north of Cottbus. Remote sensing surveys, underpinned by archaeological studies, show that charcoal was gained around Cottbus from several thousand charcoal kilns which had internal diameters up to 20 m. For the study site with 35 km2 area, the until now prospected total ground area below the charcoal kilns which was potentially affected by the pyrolysis is about 0,5 km2. Historic data indicates that the pyrolysis in the charcoal kiln took up to several weeks, for the kilns with a diameter of 20 m about 20 days. To characterize the depth of thermal alteration of soils below the kiln our current focus is on the differentiation of the iron hydroxides by small-scale vertical analysis of soil profiles. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-2557.pdf N1 - EGU2014-2557 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Schulz, Deborah A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra T1 - Landscape and soil development in Lower Lusatia - results from archaeological and soil-geomorphological investigations on a small dune field nearby Jänschwalde (Brandenburg, Germany) T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - Within the apron of the opencast mine Jänschwalde (SE Brandenburg, Germany) archaeological excavations on a multiple populated small dune were complemented with soil-geomorphological investigations in the vicinity. Archaeological findings in the dune stratigraphy (especially cremation graves) are intercalated within aeolian sediments and/or buried soils and thus give a record of the Late Quaternary geomorphodynamic and soil development. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-3426.pdf N1 - EGU2014-3426 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra ED - Raab, Thomas ED - Hirsch, Florian ED - Raab, Alexandra ED - Schopper, Franz ED - Freytag, Klaus T1 - Die frühindustrielle Köhlerei in der Jänschwalder Heide (Tagebau Jänschwalde, Niederlausitz). Eine GIS-basierte Rekonstruktion des Wald- und Landschaftszustandes mithilfe historischer Karten ab dem 18. Jahrhundert T2 - Tagungsband und Exkursionsführer, Arbeitskreis Geoarchäologie - Jahrestagung 2013, 2.-4.5.2013, BTU Cottbus Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-40619 SP - S. 47 PB - BTU Cottbus CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Modelling of a aeolian sediment translocation on the soil surface of a small area using WEPS T2 - EGU General Assembly 2008, Wien Y1 - 2008 N1 - EGU2008-A-03636 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Naeth, M. Anne A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Alexandra T1 - Contributing towards a conceptual model of soil-landscape co-evolution: observations from historic mining sites in Alberta, Canada T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2016, Vienna, Austria N2 - At the former Diplomat Mine near Forestburg, Alberta, Canada we find a diverse soil landscape which can help to conceptualize factors and processes controlling initial pedogenesis and soil distribution on very young landforms in prairie environments. Due to differing reclamation practices in the 1950s and landslides occurring after spoil dumping, four areas can be distinguished by GoogleMaps/LiDAR evaluation and onsite field survey: (i) not-mined, (ii) stock piled and unreclaimed, (iii) stock piled and reclaimed and (iv) affected by post-mining geomorphodynamics and quasi-natural redeposition. The parent material for areas (ii) to (iv) was initially dumped by spreaders but only (ii) didn’t undergo further change. Landscape (iii) has seen levelling of the piles by heavy machinery. Features of landscape (iv) are formed by reshaping the originally dumped and levelled structures. This last landscape unit marks the rim of the former mine adjacent to the river valley. In practice, mining activities formed new valley slopes. In contrast to the naturally developed slopes the mine slopes were less stable. Vegetation, which could have hindered slope wash erosion, was missing after dumping the spoil slopes. Slopes were very steep (or practically undercut) and therefore, substrates were naturally re-located by mass movements such as sliding and slumping. Characteristic sliding and slumping structures can be identified in the close-ups of the LiDAR images. Both processes, mass movement and slope wash erosion, may have overlapped. Landscape (ii) is the most contrasting one. Dumped stock piles formed elongated, curved and steep ridges. These landforms do not have a natural analogue but clearly show their technological origin. Most interesting are differences in vegetation. South and southwest facing slopes are covered with grassland whereas north and northeast facing slopes are covered with aspen trees. Some of the ditches are filled with water and form small elongated ponds. The characteristic geomorphology of the prairie can be found in landscape (i). Distinct differences are found in properties and types of soils in these four landscapes. Natural soils and pile soils characteristically differ in parent material and soil horizons. No information is gathered yet for the reclaimed soils and the landslides soils due to prohibited access. However, based on what we find at the former Diplomat Mine we can conclude that distribution, development and properties of unreclaimed soils in historical open cast mines in Alberta are primarily controlled by parent material and topography. The geomorphological set-up is dominating the trajectory of vegetation development and post-mining geomorphodynamics. Contrasting slope aspects determine micro climatic conditions and lead to different vegetation types. This has likely had an effect on soil development and soil properties (especially carbon stocks). Further studies will be conducted to quantify these differing soil properties to refine this conceptual model of initial pedogenesis and soil distribution on very young landforms in the prairie landscapes. Y1 - 2016 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2016/EGU2016-2457.pdf N1 - EGU2016-2457 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Winter, S. A1 - Fischer, A. A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Overview and first results of ecological monitoring at the artificial watershed Chicken Creek (Germany) T2 - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Y1 - 2011 SN - 1873-5193 VL - 36 IS - 1-4 SP - 61 EP - 73 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas ED - Schwab, Markus J. ED - Theuerkauf, Martin ED - Brauer, Achim ED - Wilmking, Martin ED - Lampe, Reinhard T1 - Evidence pf (pre-) historic to modern landscape development and land use history in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany) T2 - 3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028 SP - 47 PB - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas ED - Schwab, Markus J. ED - Theuerkauf, Martin ED - Brauer, Achim ED - Wilmking, Martin ED - Lampe, Reinhard T1 - Automated detection of small-scale anthropogenic relief features from high-resolution ALS-data T2 - 3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b103-14028 SP - S. 49 PB - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Müller, Frank A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Forestry and charcoal burning in the vicinity of the ironwork Peitz (South Brandenburg, Germany) - What do we know from historical and archaeological data? T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - The former royal forest districts around Peitz (South Brandenburg, Germany) were used to produce charcoal for the ironwork Peitz (1554 to 1856). More than 800 archaeologically excavated ground plans of charcoal kilns give evidence of the burning activity in the study area “Jänschwalde Heide” which is only a small part of the whole forest district. The study area in the apron of the active lignite mine Jänschwalde comprises the royal forest “Jänschwalder Heide” and the surrounding community forests. Our study approach combines archaeological research, a GIS-based approach (historical maps, airborne laser scanning (ALS) data, etc.) and archival studies. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-3858-1.pdf N1 - EGU2014-3858-1 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Quantitative analysis of anthropogenic relief features: automated mapping of charcoal kiln sites from high-resolution ALS data T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - High-resolution digital elevation data from airborne laser scanning (ALS) allow for identification and mapping of so far unknown small-scale relief features that are hidden by forest cover. Especially as a result of historic land use, small anthropogenic landforms can occur, e.g., remains of charcoal kilns on sites that were used for charcoal production or ridge and furrow systems in former farmland areas. Mapping such relief features and analyzing their spatial distribution patterns can help to understand past land-use systems and their effects on landscapes. To efficiently detect and quantify small-scale relief features from high-resolution DEMs for larger areas, (semi-) automated mapping routines are required. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-2795.pdf N1 - EGU2014-2795 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Frantiuc, Alexandru A1 - Brademann, Brian A1 - Ott, Florian A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Brauer, Achim A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Proxies of pre-industrial charcoal production and land use in lake sediments from South Brandenburg, Germany T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - During the last decades, archaeological research has revealed that large-scale charcoal burning was carried out in Lower Lusatia (South Brandenburg) situated within the North Germany Lowland. From the 17th to the 19th century, charcoal was mainly produced for the ironwork in Peitz. Within the framework of the ICLEA project lake sediments from two lakes, Byhleguhrer See and Großsee, are investigated to study the impact of pre-industrial charcoal production on the environment. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-3278.pdf N1 - EGU2014-3278 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Bönisch, Eberhard T1 - Human-induced landscape dynamics in South Brandenburg - findings from different geoarchives T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - South Brandenburg is the central part of the North European Lowland (NEL) extending as a plain landscape from the North and Baltic Sea to the foothills of the Central European Highlands and reaching from the Netherlands to Poland. Since many decades lignite opencast mines have been operating in this region which is known as the Lusatian mining district. The total land demand in Lusatia is about 852 square kilometres and mining will continue for many more years or even decades. Large-scale outcrops resulting from these mining activities are excellent archives to study the younger Earth’s history. The scope of our research in open cast mines is to reconstruct the Late Quaternary landscape development and to distinguishing natural from anthropogenic forcing and processes. In more detail, the aims are to identify and to quantify the impact of past land uses, i.e. changes of vegetation, landforms and soils induced by agriculture and/or forestry. Here, we are presenting latest results from our research and review important findings giving novel insights into man-induced environmental changes in Lusatia within the past thousands years and thus improving the general understanding of Late Quaternary landscape dynamics. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-1852-1.pdf N1 - EGU2014-1852-1 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Veste, Maik ED - Korn, Horst ED - Schliep, Rainer ED - Stadler, Jutta T1 - Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf die Waldvegetation: Anpassungsfähigkeit und ihre Grenzen T2 - Biodiversität und Klima - Vernetzung der Akteure in Deutschland IV, Ergebnisse und Dokumentation des 4. Workshops Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.bfn.de/fileadmin/MDB/documents/service/Skript246.pdf SP - 31 EP - 34 PB - BfN CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Bilanzierung der Sedimentmassen eines künstlichen Wassereinzugsgebiets mit einem 3D-Strukturmodell T2 - Böden - eine endliche Ressource, 5. - 13. September 2009, Bonn, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft Y1 - 2009 UR - http://eprints.dbges.de/252/1/SchneiderMaurerGerke_DBG2009.pdf PB - Deutsche Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft (Selbstverlag) CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Quantification of initial 3D sediment mass balance components in an artificially-created hydrologic catchment using GOCAD T2 - EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19 – 24 April 2009 Y1 - 2009 N1 - EGU2009-8700-3 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Long-term effects of deep soil loosening on root distribution and soil physical parameters in compacted lignite mine soils T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015 KW - deep soil loosening KW - lignite mine Y1 - 2015 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2015/EGU2015-14990.pdf N1 - EGU2015-14990 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Wiehe, Wolfgang A1 - Lange, Philipp ED - Ukonmaanaho, Liisa ED - Nieminen, Tiina Maileena ED - Starr, Michael T1 - Linking microstructural and spectroscopic analysis of biological soil crusts - investigation of organo-mineral interactions T2 - 6th International Symposium on Ecosystem Behaviour BIOGEOMON 2009 Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2009/mwp128.pdf SN - 978-951-40-2177-0 SP - S. 412 PB - Finnish Forest Research Institut CY - Vantaa, Finland ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Buczko, Uwe A1 - Gerke, Horst H. ED - Ukonmaanaho, Liisa ED - Nieminen, Tiina Maileena ED - Starr, Michael T1 - A 3D structutre model of an artificially constructed soil-geo-system T2 - 6th International Symposium on Ecosystem Behaviour BIOGEOMON 2009 Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2009/mwp128.pdf SN - 978-951-40-2177-0 SP - S. 65 PB - Finnish Forest Research Institute CY - Vantaa, Finland ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Vontobel, Peter T1 - Neutronenradiographische Untersuchungen der kleinräumig heterogenen Wasserbewegung in kohlehaltigen Böden T2 - Böden - eine endliche Ressource, 5. - 13. September 2009, Bonn, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft Y1 - 2009 UR - http://eprints.dbges.de/318/1/Badorreck.pdf PB - Deutsche Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft (Selbstverlag) CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Buczko, Uwe A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - A 3D model describing the initial structure of an artificial hydrological catchment T2 - EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19 – 24 April 2009 Y1 - 2009 N1 - EGU2009-4877 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Biber, Peter A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Zaplata, Markus Klemens A1 - Seiffert, S. ED - Holzheu, Stefan ED - Thies, B. T1 - How do vegetation patterns develop in initial ecosystems? A modelling approach T2 - Dimensions of ecology - from global change to molecular ecology, (GfÖ) 39th annual conference, University of Bayreuth, 14th - 18th September 2009 Y1 - 2009 SP - S. 123 PB - Bayreuther Zentrum für Ökologie und Umweltforschung (BayCEER) Selbstverlag CY - Bayreuth ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dusek, J. A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Vogel, T. A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Buczko, Uwe T1 - 2D dual permeability modeling of flow and transport in a two-scale structural lignitic mine soil T2 - EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19 – 24 April 2009 Y1 - 2009 N1 - EGU2009-10890 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Weller, Ulrich A1 - Vontobel, Peter T1 - Soil sealing and vesicular layer formation as initial structure development and its effect on infiltration T2 - EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19 – 24 April 2009 Y1 - 2009 N1 - EGU2009-12198 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Vontobel, Peter T1 - Unsaturated flow patterns observed in mine soils with embedded porous fragments using neutron radiography T2 - EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19 – 24 April 2009 Y1 - 2009 N1 - EGU2009-12218 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Sommer, Michael A1 - Funk, Roger A1 - Puppe, Daniel T1 - Testate amoebae colonizing a newly exposed land surface are of airborne origin T2 - Ecological Indicators N2 - We hypothesized that at the very beginning of terrestrial ecosystem development, airborne testate amoebae play a pivotal role in facilitating organismic colonization and related soil processes. We, therefore, analyzed size and quantity of airborne testate amoebae and immigration and colonization success of airborne testate amoebae on a new land surface (experimental site “Chicken Creek”, artificial post-mining water catchment). Within an altogether 91-day exposure of 70 adhesive traps, 12 species of testate amoebae were identified to be of airborne origin. Phryganella acropodia (51% of all individuals found, diameter about 35–45 μm) and Centropyxis sphagnicola (23% of all individuals found, longest axis about 55–68 μm), occurred most frequently in the adhesive traps. We extrapolated an aerial amoeba deposition of 61 individuals d−1 m−2 (living and dead individuals combined). Although it would be necessary to have a longer sequence (some additional years), our analysis of the “target substrate” of aerial immigration (catchment site) may point to a shift from a stochastic (variable) beginning of community assembly to a more deterministic (stable) course. This shift was assigned to an age of seven years of initial soil development. Although experienced specialists are necessary to conduct these time-consuming studies, the presented data suggest that terrestrial amoebae are suitable indicators for initial ecosystem development and utilization. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.07.037 SN - 1470-160x VL - 48 SP - 55 EP - 62 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner ED - Zanier, Werner T1 - Bodenkundliche Beobachtungen auf dem Döttenbichl bei Oberammergau T2 - Der spätlatène- und frühkaiserzeitliche Opferplatz auf dem Döttenbichl südlich von Oberammergau N2 - In den 1980er Jahren wurde verstärkt die Frage diskutiert, ob archäologische Fundstücke aus Metall analog zu den damals beobachteten „neuartigen Waldschäden“ ebenfalls durch Immissionsbelastungen oder andere anthropogene Einflüsse gefährdet sind. Basis dieser Annahme waren Berichte von Archäologen und Restauratoren aus Museen und Denkmalpflege ganz Deutschlands, dass der Erhaltungszustand von neuen Eisen- oder Bronzefundstücken zunehmend schlechter werde. Um dem vermuteten Zusammenhang mit Umweltbelastungen nachzugehen, rief die Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt Mitte der 1990er Jahre das interdisziplinäre Projekt „Schutz archäologischer Metallfunde vor immissionsbedingter Schädigung“ ins Leben. An verschiedenen archäologischen Fundstätten in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland wurden archäologische Metallfunde untersucht und parallel dazu Bodenuntersuchungen durchgeführt, um etwaige Umwelteinflüsse feststellen zu können. Die Ergebnisse des Gesamtforschungsvorhabens sind in einem umfangreichen Band zusammengefasst1. Als ein mit Wald bedeckter Standort wurde der Döttenbichl, oder Döttenbühl, bei Oberammergau in die Untersuchungen mit einbezogen, auch weil vor allem die dort gefundenen Eisenobjekte unerwartet gut erhalten waren. Im Folgenden sollen die Ergebnisse der bodenkundlichen Untersuchungen an diesem Standort zusammengefasst werden, für die am 7. Mai 1996 Bodenproben genommen wurden. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-406-10763-4 SP - 719 EP - 724 PB - C. H. Beck CY - München ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bingemer, Jana A1 - Pfeiffer, Martin A1 - Hohberg, Karin T1 - First 12 years of tardigrade succession in the young soils of a quickly evolving ecosystem T2 - Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society N2 - Open-cast coal-mining creates a severe disturbance of ecological systems, resulting in post-mining areas that have lost their soils entirely and are exposed to extreme conditions. Nonetheless, these areas allow us to investigate the process of primary succession. We studied the first 12 years of soil tardigrade succession at ‘Chicken Creek’, an experimental site within the open-cast coal-mining area in Welzow Süd, Germany. A total of ten tardigrade genera and 13 species or species groups were identified at the site. Over time, the organic carbon content, proportion of silt and nutrient availability in the soil increased, and the soil particle size distribution and pH value changed significantly. The vegetation cover and nematode abundance increased, whereas tardigrade densities peaked in 2008 and decreased thereafter, as did their mean body size. Species replacement was obvious within this 12 year study period, and tardigrade species diversity increased, indicating that ecological niche diversity also increased throughout this time. Vegetation cover, soil particle size distribution and time were the most important factors influencing the tardigrade community. We also discuss further potential factors and the ability of terrestrial tardigrades to persist despite many environmental constraints, such as fluctuations in pH and moisture, and to colonize new habitats faster than most other animal groups. KW - ecosystem development KW - post-mining area KW - primary succession KW - morphometry Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz165 SN - 1096-3642 SN - 0024-4082 N1 - related to research platform "Hühnerwasser" VL - 188 IS - 3 SP - 887 EP - 899 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Seifert, Thomas T1 - Analyzing initial geomorphologic processes and structures: An alternative remote sensing approach T2 - EGU General Assembly 2010, held in Vienna, Austria, 02 – 07 May 2010 Y1 - 2010 N1 - EGU2010-11367 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Behroozmand, Ahmad A. A1 - Christiansen, Anders Vest T1 - Soil electrical conductivity imaging using a neural network-based forward solver: Applied to large-scale Bayesian electromagnetic inversion T2 - Journal of Applied Geophysics N2 - In recent years, probabilistic solution to the inversion of electromagnetic induction (EMI) data has been progressively developed for non-invasive subsurface characterization. However, Bayesian inversion of EMI data using forward solvers based on full solution ofMaxwell's equation is associated with computationally expensive modelings, particularly for large-scale surveys. Here, we incorporated artificial neural network (ANN) with Bayesian inference to obtain subsurface electromagnetic conductivity image (EMCI) fromEMI data down to 10mdepth. In this respect, a complex EMI forward model was replaced by a trained neural network (ANN proxy forward function) that can be evaluated comparably rapidly. The accuracy of the ANN-based forward solver was examined using different synthetic subsurface models. The proposed methodology was applied on EMI data measured with a DUALEM-421 s sensor from 10 ha study site in the Alken Enge area of Denmark. We compared the inversely estimated EMCI with the counterpart obtained from a quasi-three-dimensional (quasi-3D) spatiallyconstrained deterministic algorithm as a standard code. The network training procedure was performed within fewminutes, and once itwas trained, the ANN-based forward solver returned roughly 150,000 model responses per second. This value for the EMI forward solverwas around 400, demonstrating the computational efficiency of the ANN proxy forward function. The theoretical simulations demonstrated that the ANN-based forward solver accurately mimics the EMI response within the training range. Moreover, the proposed inversion strategy successfully delineated the subsurface EMCI from Alken Enge area. This approach thus facilitates rapid and accurate subsurface conductivity imaging using Bayesian inversion of multi-configuration EMI data, which is particularly pertinent for large-scale measurements. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2020.104012 SN - 0926-9851 VL - 176 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood T1 - One-dimensional deep learning inversion of electromagnetic induction data using convolutional neural network T2 - Geophysical Journal International N2 - Conventional geophysical inversion techniques suffer from several limitations including computational cost, nonlinearity, non-uniqueness and dimensionality of the inverse problem. Successful inversion of geophysical data has been a major challenge for decades. Here, a novel approach based on deep learning (DL) inversion via convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed to instantaneously estimate subsurface electrical conductivity (σ) layering from electromagnetic induction (EMI) data. In this respect, a fully convolutional network was trained on a large synthetic data set generated based on 1-D EMI forward model. The accuracy of the proposed approach was examined using several synthetic scenarios. Moreover, the trained network was used to find subsurface electromagnetic conductivity images (EMCIs) from EMI data measured along two transects from Chicken Creek catchment (Brandenburg, Germany). Dipole–dipole electrical resistivity tomography data were measured as well to obtain reference subsurface σ distributions down to a 6 m depth. The inversely estimated models were juxtaposed and compared with their counterparts obtained from a spatially constrained deterministic algorithm as a standard code. Theoretical simulations demonstrated a well performance of the algorithm even in the presence of noise in data. Moreover, application of the DL inversion for subsurface imaging from Chicken Creek catchment manifested the accuracy and robustness of the proposed approach for EMI inversion. This approach returns subsurface σ distribution directly from EMI data in a single step without any iterations. The proposed strategy simplifies considerably EMI inversion and allows for rapid and accurate estimation of subsurface EMCI from multiconfiguration EMI data. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa161 SN - 1365-246X VL - 222 IS - 1 SP - 247 EP - 259 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Badorreck, Annika T1 - Soil Moisture Patterns in an artificial water catchment – A machine learning approach from geophysical measurements T2 - EGU General Assembly 2020, Online, 4–8 May 2020 Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-2652 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Badorreck, Annika T1 - Machine learning to estimate soil moisture from geophysical measurements of electrical conductivity T2 - Near Surface Geophysics N2 - Soil water content (θ) is a key variable in different earth science disciplines since it mediates the water and energy exchange between the surface and atmosphere. Electrical and electromagnetic geophysical techniques have been widely used to estimate soil electrical conductivity (σ) and soil moisture. However, obtaining the σ − θ relationship is not straightforward due to the non-linearity and also dependency on many different soil and environmental properties. The purpose of this paper is to determine if artificial neural network is an appropriate machine learning technique for relating electrical conductivity to soil water content. In this respect, time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography measurements were carried out along a transect in the Chicken Creek catchment (Brandenburg, Germany). To ensure proper retrieval of the σ and θ, reference values were measured near the beginning of the transect via an excavated pit using 5TE capacitance sensors installed at different depths. We explored robustness and pertinence of the artificial neural network approach in comparison with Rhoades model (as a commonly used petrophysical relationship) to convert the inversely estimated σ from electrical resistivity tomography to the θ. The proposed approach was successfully validated and benchmarked by comparing the estimated values with the reference data. This study showed the superiority of the artificial neural network approach to the Rhoades model to obtain σ − θ relationship. In particular, artificial neural network allowed for more accurate estimation of the temporal wetting front than the petrophysical model. The proposed methodology thus offers a great promise for deriving spatiotemporal soil moisture patterns from geophysical data and obtaining the in situ σ − θ relationship, taking into account the non-linear variations of the soil moisture. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/nsg.12036 SN - 1569-4445 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 181 EP - 195 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood T1 - Probabilistic Inversion of Multiconfiguration Electromagnetic Induction Data Using Dimensionality Reduction Technique: A Numerical Study T2 - Vadose Zone Journal N2 - Low-frequency loop–loop electromagnetic induction (EMI) offers several key advantages over many other geophysical techniques for proximal soil sensing. Yet, because of problems with the inversion of measured apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) data, application of EMI for geophysical imaging and interpretation is limited. In this study, a Bayesian inference was used to obtain electromagnetic conductivity images (EMCIs) from multiconfiguration ECa data. This approach allows analysis of highly nonlinear problems and renders an ensemble of models obtained from the posterior distribution that can be used to explore parameter uncertainty. In this respect, generalized formal likelihood function was used to more accurately describe the sensitivity of the posterior distribution to residual assumptions. Discrete cosine transform (DCT) was employed as a model compression technique to reduce the number of unknown parameters in the inversion. The DCT parameterization was performed using training image (TI)-based geostatistical simulations considering the ECa data pseudosection as a TI. The potential of the proposed approach was examined through different theoretical scenarios. The estimated subsurface EMCI shows excellent agreement with the original synthetic models subject to the appropriate choice of prior information. Moreover, DCT parameterization reduces the number of unknown parameters, increasing accuracy of the inversion with the Bayesian procedure. The proposed approach ensures accurate and high-resolution characterization of subsurface conductivity layering from measured ECa values. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.09.0183 VL - 18 IS - 1 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Bönisch, Eberhard A1 - Schopper, Franz A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra ED - Kluiving, Sjoerd ED - Guttmann-Bond, Erika T1 - Pre-industrial Carcoal Production in southern Brandenburg and its impact on the environment T2 - Landscape Archaeology between Art and Science Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-90-8964-418-3 SP - 167 EP - 178 PB - Amsterdam University Press CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Bartsch, R. A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - A sediment structure model for describing the 3D spatial distribution of soil hydraulic properties of an artificial catchment using pedotransfer functions T2 - EGU General Assembly 2012, held 22-27 April, 2012 in Vienna Y1 - 2012 N1 - EGU2012-9785 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Bartsch, R. A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Modeling the initial 3D distribution of sediment structures of an artificial hydrological catchment T2 - EGU General Assembly 2012, held 22-27 April, 2012 in Vienna Y1 - 2012 N1 - EGU 2012-9828 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Wiehe, Wolfgang A1 - Lange, Philipp T1 - How biological crusts are stabilizing the soil surface? The development of organo-mineral interactions in the initial phase T2 - EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19 – 24 April 2009 Y1 - 2009 N1 - EGU2009-8635 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - A structure generator for modelling the initial sediment distribution of an artificial hydrologic catchment T2 - Hydrology and earth system sciences discussions Y1 - 2011 SN - 1812-2116 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 4641 EP - 4699 ER - TY - THES A1 - Badorreck, Annika T1 - Multidimensional visualization of preferential flow pathways using neutron and x-ray radiation Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-41615 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Chicken Creek data portal: a web-based R-Shiny platform for terrestrial data repository T2 - Geophysical Research Abstracts N2 - Exploring hydrological and ecological processes plays a key role in understanding ecosystem development. In this respect, the constructed catchment, Chicken Creek (Hühnerwasser), has been established to promote fundamental and interdisciplinary scientific research. Since 2005, an on-going monitoring program has been established in this catchment to measure hydrological, biological, meteorological, and pedological parameters during the ecological development of the site. This comprehensive and multidisciplinary monitoring program has produced a large and diverse data set. Managing and exploring such a complex data set for research purposes can be a cumbersome task. As a consequence, we developed an online data portal https://www.b-tu.de/chicken-creek/apps/datenportal/ to efficiently handle the data from Chicken Creek catchment. The portal was constructed using R programming language, Shiny package, and the accompanying local Linux server. This platform allows for efficient data discovery, download, visualization, and analysis. Data visualizations are freely available, while data storage is limited to the authorized users. In comparison with the commonly used data base tools, R-Shiny offers several advantages. As an open source package, this platform allows for constructing a web data platform in an interactive way taking into account the complexity and diversity of the data. The flexibility of this routine enables to make an efficient user-demand data portal rather than relying on predetermined outputs. It also offers flexibility in data handling by using many different R packages, rendering versatile and extensive functionalities. R-Shiny is particularly powerful in terms of statistical analyses. Although the Chicken Creek online data portal is complete and available, new features, and extended capabilities are under active development. The Chicken Creek data portal provides a comprehensive and reliable database to give scientists a fast and easy access to all collected data. Consequently, R-Shiny offers a great potential for future development of the web-based data portals to efficiently handle scientific data collected at different scales. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2019/EGU2019-3270.pdf VL - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Galatsidas, Spyridon A1 - Gounaris, Nikos A1 - Vlachaki, Despoina A1 - Dimitriadis, Elias A1 - Kiourtsis, Fotios A1 - Keramitzis, Dimitrios A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Rettenmaier, Nils A1 - Reinhardt, Guido A1 - Ivanina, Vadym A1 - Hanzhenko, Olexander A1 - Gnap, Iryna A1 - Bogatov, Konstantin A1 - Barbera, Federica A1 - Mattioli, Diego A1 - Volkmann, Christiane A1 - Baumgarten, Wibke ED - Persson, M. ED - Scarlat, N. ED - Grassi, A. ED - Helm, P. T1 - Revealing Bioenergy Potentials: Mapping Marginal Lands in Europe - The SEEMLA Approach T2 - Papers of the 26th European Biomass Conference Setting the Course for a biobased Economy, Conference held in Copenhagen, Denmark, 14-17 May 2018 N2 - Marginal land (MagL) use for biomass production has received a lot of attention in the past decades. This alternative land use is free from conflicts with food crops, however it presents multiple challenges. The major issue to be resolved is the definition of marginal lands, which varies between disciplines and is often determined based on management goals. Moreover, concerns over the impacts of MagL use on environment, ecosystem services and sustainability have to be addressed. In response to these issues, the SEEMLA approach proposes an algorithm and tools to support MagLs identification and mapping, as well as the assessment of their potential for biomass production. The SEEMLA algorithm assesses land marginality using the Muencheberg Soil Quality Rating (M-SQR) developed by Mueller et al. (2007). The algorithm also incorporates criteria to eliminate MagLs that may not be exploitable for bioenergy due to ecological and environmental issues or regulatory and legal restrictions and constraints posed by national or EU policies applied. Finally, MagL suitable for bioenergy production is categorized based on climatic zone and crop suitability. Alternative exploitation scenarios are developed for each class of MagL. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) will determine the sustainability of each scenario, considering also the results of the pilot sites that have been established in Germany, Greece and Ukraine. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-88-89407-18-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5071/26thEUBCE2018-1AO.4.1 SP - 31 EP - 37 PB - ETA-Florence CY - Florenz ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Badorreck, Annika T1 - Water balance dynamics of the constructed Chicken Creek catchment as influenced by 12 years of ecological development T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2018, Vienna, Austria N2 - Experimental catchments with well-known boundaries and characteristics may contribute valuable data to hydrological, critical zone and landscape evolution research. One of the most well-established and largest constructed catchments is the Chicken Creek catchment (6 ha area including a 0.4 ha pond, Brandenburg, Germany) representing an initial ecosystem undergoing a highly dynamic ecological development starting from clearly defined starting conditions. The water balance dynamics of the catchment was calculated using a simple mass balance approach to reveal the impact of ecological development during 12 years. Water storage in the catchment was calculated from a 3D-model of groundwater volumes, soil moisture measurements and water level recordings of the pond. The catchment water balance equation was resolved for evapotranspiration, the only part that was not measured directly. Due to the known boundary conditions and the inner structure of the catchment, we were able to quantify the different storage compartments and their role in hydrologic response. Our results indicate that for small catchments with a highly dynamic ecological development like the Chicken Creek, the knowledge about saturated and unsaturated storage volumes enables a good estimate and closure of the water balance using a rather simple approach, at least in annual resolution. We found a significant relationship between vegetation cover in the catchment and calculated ET. Time series of meteorological, hydrological, soil and vegetation data over 12 years enabled us to characterize the transient development of the catchment and to evaluate the effect of different feedback mechanisms on catchment hydrology. The dataset from the Chicken Creek catchment indicate at least three phases in ecosystem development, where initial abiotic feedbacks (e.g. erosion) were followed by more and more biotic controls (e.g. biological soil crusts, vegetation succession and growth). Data from Chicken Creek in high spatial and temporal resolution provide a valuable database underlining the high importance of abiotic/biotic feedback effects that change the hydrologic functioning and response of the catchment more than the water balance itself revealed and thus have to be included in catchment models. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2018/EGU2018-11977.pdf N1 - EGU2018-11977 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Zaplata, Markus Klemens A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Liu, Jiu-Fu ED - Gu, Wei-Zu T1 - Ecosystem Development in the Constructed Catchment "Chicken Creek" T2 - Hydrology of Artificial and Controlled Experiments N2 - Landscapes and ecosystems are complex systems with many feedback mechanisms acting between the various abiotic and biotic components. The knowledge about these interacting processes is mainly derived from mature ecosystems. The initial development of ecosystem complexity may involve state transitions following catastrophic shifts, disturbances, or transgression of thresholds. We propose a conceptual framework of feedback processes in early states of ecosystem development affected by spatiotemporal environmental drivers. To test this concept, we used 10-year time series of hydrological, biological, geomorphological, and soil data from the constructed catchment Chicken Creek.” The 6ha site was left to unrestricted development since 2005 and was intensively monitored. The data showed a very rapid development of the site with an increasing complexity and heterogeneity. In the first years, stochastic signals like the initial substrate conditions and external drivers like extreme weather events were the most important factors resulting in abiotic/abiotic feedback mechanisms shaping the morphology of the site and creating site diversity. Initial abiotic feedback mechanisms between water and substrate were soon followed by abiotic/biotic feedbacks between biological soil crusts, invading vegetation, geomorphology, and hydrology resulting in state transitions of catchment functioning. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.intechopen.com/books/hydrology-of-artificial-and-controlled-experiments/ecosystem-development-in-the-constructed-catchment-chicken-creek- SN - 978-1-78923-559-3 SN - 978-1-78923-558-6 SP - 75 EP - 93 PB - Intech Open CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Böden marginaler Standorte - eigenschaften, Limitierungen und Potentiale T2 - Abstracts der DBG Jahrestagung 2017, 02.-07. Sept. 2017, Göttingen N2 - Eine zunehmende Knappheit ackerbaulicher Standorte und der zugleich steigende Bedarf an nachwachsenden Rohstoffen für die energetische und stoffliche Nutzung lösen verstärkt Konflikte zwischen der Nahrungsmittelproduktion und der Biomasseproduktion aus. Marginale Standorte kommen entsprechend immer stärker in den Blickpunkt als mögliche Erweiterungsflächen für die Biomasseproduktion. In der wissenschaftlichen Auseinandersetzung fehlt allerdings eine eindeutige Definition für derartige marginale Standorte. Gerade im Hinblick auf eine mögliche Reduzierung von Nutzungskonflikten ist die Abgrenzung zu stillgelegten, aber agrarisch nutzbaren Standorten oder zu natürlichen Badlands, mit naturschutzfachlichen Potentialen oftmals schwierig. Das EU H2020-Projekt SEEMLA untersucht Potentiale und Verfügbarkeit von marginalen Standorten europaweit. In Deutschland, Griechenland und der Ukraine wurden Pilotstandorte eingerichtet, auf denen der Anbau von Bioenergiepflanzen exemplarisch durchgeführt wird. Für eine erste Bewertung der Standortspotentiale und auch der Ursachen der Marginalität der Standorte wurden Bodenuntersuchungen an allen Pilotstandorten nach den Vorgaben des Muencheberger Soil Quality Rating-Verfahrens (SQR) (1) durchgeführt und die Standorte klassifiziert. Das SQR-Verfahren bewertet ausgewählte Boden- und Standortseigenschaften und bezieht zusätzlich mögliche limitierende Faktoren (Hazard Indicators) wie Versauerung, Versalzung, Vernässung etc. mit ein, um eine Gesamtbewertungszahl zur Bodenfruchtbarkeit zu ermitteln. Dieser Beitrag stellt anhand der SEEMLA-Standorte exemplarisch Böden marginaler Standorte vor. Mit Hilfe der SQR Hazard Indicators werden charakteristische limitierende Faktoren vorgestellt. Es wird zudem versucht, die untersuchten Standorte in eine mögliche Klassifikation marginaler Standorte einzupassen und ihre Eignung für die Biomasseproduktion einzuschätzen. Y1 - 2017 UR - http://dbg17.abstract-dialog.de/search/abstract_detail.php?aId=51 SP - V49 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Monitoring of Ecosystem Development at the Constructed Catchment Chicken Creek T2 - TERENO International Conference 2014, From Observation to Prediction in Terrestrial Systems, 29 September to 2 October 2014, Book of Abstracts N2 - The constructed catchment Chicken Creek was established in 2005 as an experimental landscape laboratory for ecosystem research. The 6 ha area with clearly defined horizontal as well as vertical boundary conditions was left for an unrestricted primary succession. The developing ecosystem offers the opportunity to study most processes occurring at the interface of bio-, pedo-, geo- and hydrosphere. Particularly interactions and feedbacks between different evolving compartments as well as the establishment of ecosystem functions and services can be investigated during the ongoing ecosystem development. The catchment is extensively instrumented since 2005 in order to detect transition stages of the ecosystem. Comprehensive data recorded with a high spatial and temporal resolution include hydrological, geomorphological, pedological, limnological as well as biological parameters. This site offers the unique situation of an early stage ecosystem with highly dynamic system properties. The first years of development were characterized by a fast formation of geomorphological structures due to massive erosion processes at the initially non-vegetated surface. Hydrological processes led to the establishment of a local groundwater body within 5 years. In the following years the influence of biological structures like vegetation patterns gained an increasing importance. Feedbacks between developing vegetation and e.g. hydrological features became more and more dominant. As a result, different phases of ecosystem development could be distinguished until now. This observatory offers manifold possibilities to identify and disentangle complex interactions between ecosystem compartments in situ under natural conditions. The originally low complexity of the system is growing with time facilitating the identification of influences of newly developing structures on ecosystem functions. Thus, it is possible to study effects of small-scale processes on the whole system at the landscape scale. In addition, the highly dynamic initial system properties allow the observation of multifaceted changes of ecosystem properties and functions within short periods of time. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.tereno-conference2014.de/tereno-conference/EN/download_book_of_abstracts/_node.html SP - P2-12 ER -